Faa'iidooyinka Isticmaalka Tuubooyinka Birta Kaarboon ee Wareegsan ee Alxanka leh

Faa'iidooyinka Isticmaalka Tuubooyinka Birta Kaarboon ee Wareegsan ee La Alwaaxsan Sawirka La Soo Bandhigay

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Dunida dhuumaha warshadaha, xulashada agabka iyo hababka dhismaha waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelan karaan waxqabadka iyo cimriga nidaamka tuubooyinka. Mid ka mid ah xulashooyinka caanka ah ee loogu talagalay codsiyada warshadaha waa tuubo bir ah oo kaarboon ah oo wareegsan. Noocan tuubo ayaa bixiya faa'iidooyin dhowr ah oo ka dhigaya doorashada koowaad ee warshado badan.

Noo soo dir emayl

Faahfaahinta Badeecada

Calaamadaha Alaabta

Marka ugu horreysa, habka alxanka wareegsan ee loo isticmaalo sameynta tuubooyinka birta kaarboonka wuxuu soo saaraa badeeco xooggan oo waara. Alxanka wareegsan ee joogtada ah wuxuu bixiyaa dusha gudaha oo siman oo joogto ah kaas oo kor u qaada socodka waxtarka leh ee walxaha iyada oo loo marayo tuubada. Intaa waxaa dheer, xoogga sare ee birta kaarboonka wuxuu hubiyaa in tuubooyinku ay u adkeysan karaan cadaadisyada sare iyo culaysyada culus, taasoo ka dhigaysa kuwo ku habboon codsiyo badan, oo ay ku jiraan gudbinta saliidda iyo gaaska, qaybinta biyaha iyo taageerada qaab-dhismeedka.

Faa'iido kale oo muhiim ahtuubo bir ah oo kaarboon ah oo si mug leh loo weldedwaa kharash-oolnimada. Habka wax-soo-saarka ee tuubooyinka alxanka leh ee wareegsan waa mid aad waxtar u leh, taasoo u oggolaanaysa mugga wax-soo-saarka sare kharash yar. Tani waxay u tarjumeysaa xal kharash-ool ah oo loogu talagalay baahiyaha tuubooyinka warshadaha, gaar ahaan mashaariicda u baahan mugga badan ee tuubooyinka.

Dhexroorka Dibadda ee Magacaaban		Dhumucda Darbiga Magacaaban (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Miisaanka Halkii Halbeeg Dhererka (kg/m)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Intaa waxaa dheer, tuubooyinka birta kaarboon ee laalaaban ee wareegsan waxay leeyihiin iska caabin daxalka oo aad u fiican, gaar ahaan marka la barbar dhigo agabka kale sida balaastikada ama PVC. Sifooyinka dabiiciga ah ee birta kaarboonku waxay ka dhigaan mid aad u adkaysta daxalka iyo burburka xitaa jawiyada adag. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa doorasho la isku halleyn karo oo waara oo loogu talagalay nidaamyada tuubooyinka warshadaha, taasoo yaraynaysa baahida loo qabo dayactir joogto ah iyo beddel.

Marka laga soo tago cimri dhererkeeda iyo kharash-oolnimadeeda, tuubooyinka birta ah ee kaarboonka lagu shubo ee wareegsan ayaa sidoo kale loo yaqaanaa kala duwanaansho. Waxaa loo habeyn karaa si ay u buuxiso shuruudaha mashruuca ee gaarka ah marka loo eego cabbirka, dhumucda iyo fursadaha dahaarka. Dabacsanaantani waxay u oggolaanaysaa codsiyo badan oo warshado kala duwan ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho caan ah oo ay leeyihiin injineerada iyo maamulayaasha mashruuca.

Intaa waxaa dheer, rakibidda tuubooyinka birta kaarboon ee la isku dhejiyay waa mid fudud sababtoo ah xooggeeda iyo dabacsanaanteeda. Tani waxay soo gaabinaysaa waqtiga rakibidda waxayna yaraynaysaa kharashka shaqada, taasoo sii kordhinaysa waxtarka guud ee kharash-oolnimada.

Marka la soo koobo, tuubooyinka birta kaarboonka ee la isku qurxiyey ee wareegsan waxay leeyihiin faa'iidooyin badan oo ka dhigaya doorasho aad u fiican codsiyada tuubooyinka warshadaha. Xooggeeda, cimri dhererkeeda, kharash-oolnimadeeda, iska caabbinta daxalka iyo kala-duwanaanta ayaa ka dhigaya xal lagu kalsoonaan karo oo hufan oo loogu talagalay warshado kala duwan. Iyada oo leh awooddeeda ay u adkeysan karto cadaadisyada sare, culaysyada culus iyo jawiyada adag, tuubada birta kaarboonka ee la isku qurxiyey ayaa weli ah doorashada koowaad ee injineerada iyo maamulayaasha mashruuca ee raadinaya xal tuubooyin oo waara, kharash-ool ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo.