Faa'iidooyinka Isticmaalka Tuubooyinka Birta Kaarboonka ee Kaarboon Alxan

Faa'iidooyinka Isticmaalka Tuubbooyinka Birta Kaarboonka ee Spiral Alxamed ee Sawirka Muujiyay

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Dunida tuubooyinka warshadaha, xulashada walxaha iyo hababka dhismaha waxay saameyn weyn ku yeelan karaan waxqabadka iyo muddada dheer ee nidaamka tuubooyinka.Mid ka mid ah xulashooyinka caanka ah ee codsiyada warshadaha waa tuubooyinka birta kaarboonka ee alxanka leh.Tuubada noocaan ah waxay bixisaa faa'iidooyin dhowr ah oo ka dhigaya doorashada koowaad ee warshado badan.

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Ugu horreyn, habka alxanka wareega ee loo isticmaalo samaynta tuubooyinka birta kaarboon waxay soo saartaa badeeco adag oo waara.Alxannada wareega ee joogtada ah waxay bixiyaan siman, oog gudaha ah oo joogto ah kaas oo kor u qaada socodka wax ku oolka ah ee walxaha dhex mara tuubada.Intaa waxaa dheer, birta kaarboonka ee xoogga sare waxay hubisaa in tuubooyinka ay u adkeysan karaan cadaadiska sare iyo culeysyada culus, iyaga oo ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon codsiyo badan oo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan gudbinta saliidda iyo gaaska, qaybinta biyaha iyo taageerada qaabdhismeedka.

Faa'iido kale oo muhiim ahtuubbo bir kaarboon ah oo alxan lehwaa wax-ku-oolnimadeeda.Habka wax-soo-saarka ee tuubada alxanka leh waa mid aad waxtar u leh, taas oo u oggolaanaysa mugga wax soo saarka sare ee qiimo jaban.Tani waxay u tarjumaysaa xal-wax-ku-ool ah oo loogu talagalay baahida tuubbooyinka warshadaha, gaar ahaan mashaariicda u baahan mugga weyn ee tuubooyinka.

Dhexroorka Magaca ah		Dhumucda gidaarka magaca ah (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Miisaanka Dhererka Halkiiba (kg/m)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Intaa waxaa dheer, tuubada birta kaarboonka ee welded waxay leedahay iska caabin aad u fiican, gaar ahaan marka la barbar dhigo alaabada kale sida caag ama PVC.Astaamaha dabiiciga ah ee birta kaarboonka ayaa ka dhigaya mid aad ugu adkaysata daxalka iyo xaalufka xataa meelaha adag.Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa doorasho lagu kalsoonaan karo oo dheer oo loogu talagalay nidaamyada tuubooyinka warshadaha, yaraynta baahida dayactirka iyo beddelka joogtada ah.

Marka laga soo tago adkeysigeeda iyo waxtarkeeda, dhuumaha birta kaarboonka ee alxanka leh ayaa sidoo kale caan ku ah wax-qabadkeeda.Waxaa loo habeyn karaa si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha mashruuca ee gaarka ah marka loo eego cabbirka, dhumucda iyo fursadaha daahan.Dabacsanaantani waxay u oggolaanaysaa codsiyo badan oo kala duwan oo ku saabsan warshadaha kala duwan, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho caan ah oo leh injineerada iyo maamulayaasha mashruuca.

Intaa waxaa dheer, rakibidda tuubbooyinka birta kaarboonka ee isbiirsaday waa mid fudud iyadoo ay ugu wacan tahay awooddeeda iyo dabacsanaanteeda.Tani waxay yaraynaysaa wakhtiga rakibaadda waxayna yaraynaysaa kharashka shaqada, sii kordhinaysa waxtarkeeda guud.

Marka la soo koobo, tuubooyinka birta kaarboonka ee lingxan ayaa leh faa'iidooyin badan oo ka dhigaya doorasho aad u fiican codsiyada tuubbooyinka warshadaha.Xooggeeda, adkeysigeeda, wax-ku-oolnimada-wax-ku-oolnimada, iska caabbinta daxalka iyo isku-dhafka ayaa ka dhigaya xal la isku halayn karo oo hufan oo loogu talagalay warshado kala duwan.Iyada oo ay awood u leedahay in ay u adkeyso cadaadiska sare, culeyska culus iyo jawi adag, tuubada birta kaarboon ee welded ee wareega ah ayaa weli ah doorashada koowaad ee injineerada iyo maareeyayaasha mashruuca ee raadinaya waqti dheer, kharash-ool ah oo lagu kalsoonaan karo xal tuubooyin.