Tuubo Bir ah oo waara oo la isku xidho

Tuubada Birta ah ee Waarta ee Alxanka leh Sawirka La Soo Bandhigay

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Tuubooyinkayaga birta ah ee laalaada ee waara waxaa loo sameeyay si ay u adkaystaan adkaysta gaadiidka wasakhda iyo biyaha wasakhda ah. Dhismaheeda adag wuxuu hubiyaa xoog sare iyo cimri dheer, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho ku habboon mashaariicda kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee u baahan isku hallayn iyo hufnaan.

Noo soo dir emayl

Faahfaahinta Badeecada

Calaamadaha Alaabta

Dhexroorka Dibadda ee Magacaaban		Dhumucda Darbiga Magacaaban (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Miisaanka Halkii Halbeeg Dhererka (kg/m)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Waaratuubo bir ah oo si mug leh loo weldedwaxaa loo farsameeyay inuu u adkeysto adkaanta gaadiidka wasakhda iyo biyaha wasakhda ah. Dhismaheeda adag wuxuu hubiyaa xoog sare iyo cimri dheer, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho ku habboon mashaariicda kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee u baahan isku hallayn iyo hufnaan. Tiknoolajiyadda alxanka wareega ee aan isticmaalno inta lagu jiro habka wax soo saarka waxay kor u qaadaysaa daacadnimada qaabdhismeedka tuubada, taasoo u oggolaanaysa inay u adkeysato xaaladaha cadaadiska sare iyo inay iska caabiso daxalka muddada dheer.

Waqtigan oo kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha ee waara oo hufan ay muhiim yihiin, tuubooyinkeennu waa xal lagu kalsoonaan karo oo loogu talagalay degmooyinka iyo shirkadaha dhismaha. Kaliya ma caawiyaan gaadiidka hufan ee wasakhda iyo biyaha wasakhda ah, laakiin sidoo kale waxay gacan ka geystaan caafimaadka guud iyo badbaadada bulshada iyagoo hubinaya in qashinka si habboon loo maareeyo.

Faa'iidada badeecada

Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee tuubooyinka birta ah ee laalaada ee wareegsan waa xooggeeda. Habka alxanka wareegsan wuxuu kor u qaadaa daacadnimada qaab-dhismeedka tuubada, isagoo u oggolaanaya inuu u adkeysto cadaadisyada sare iyo inuu iska caabiyo isbeddelka. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa inay si gaar ah ugu habboon yihiin codsiyada dhulka hoostiisa mara, halkaas oo dhaqdhaqaaqa ciidda iyo culaysyada dibadda ay keeni karaan caqabado muhiim ah.

Waaradoodu waxay hubinaysaa cimri dheer oo adeeg ah, taasoo yaraynaysa baahida loo qabo in si joogto ah loo beddelo oo loo dayactiro, taas oo ah arrin muhiim u ah badbaadinta kharashka degmooyinka iyo shirkadaha dhismaha.

Yaraanta Badeecada

Habka wax soo saarka eetuubo welded oo muquuninta ahwaxay noqon kartaa mid ka adag oo waqti badan qaadata marka loo eego noocyada kale ee tuubooyinka, taasoo keeni karta kharash bilow ah oo sarreeya.

In kasta oo tuubooyinkani ay yihiin kuwo u adkaysta daxalka, haddana si buuxda uma difaacaan daxalka, gaar ahaan deegaannada daxalka. Dahaarka iyo dayactirka habboon ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah in la dheereeyo cimrigooda adeegga iyo in la hubiyo waxqabad wanaagsan.

Codsiga

Dunida dhismaha iyo dayactirka, agab yar ayaa muhiim u ah sida tuubooyinka birta ah ee waara ee laalaaban. Tuubooyinkani waxay ka badan yihiin wax soo saar; waa laf-dhabarta kaabayaasha gaadiidka wasakhda iyo biyaha wasakhda ah ee hufan oo la isku halleyn karo. Dhismahooda adag iyo cimri dhererkoodu sareeyo ayaa ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon xaaladaha adag ee nidaamyada wasakhda.

Tuubooyinka birta ah ee laalaada ee wareegsan waxaa loogu talagalay inay u adkeystaan cadaadiska adag ee deegaanka, iyagoo hubinaya inay maareyn karaan qulqulka biyaha wasakhda ah iyagoon wax u dhimin sharafta qaab-dhismeedka. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa doorashada ugu sareysa degmooyinka iyo shirkadaha dhismaha ee diiradda saaraya dhisidda nidaamyada wasakhda waarta oo waara. Tiknoolajiyadda alxanka wareega ee gaarka ah waxay xoojisaa xoogga tuubooyinka, taasoo u oggolaanaysa inay iska caabiyaan daxalka iyo xoqidda muddada dheer, taas oo lagama maarmaan u ah ilaalinta deegaan magaalo oo caafimaad qaba.

Annagoo sii wadna hal-abuurka iyo horumarinta hababka wax-soo-saarka, waxaan diiradda saareynaa bixinta tuubooyin bir ah oo waara oo la isku qurxiyey oo ah xal lagu kalsoonaan karo oo loogu talagalay kaabayaasha bulaacadaha. Ballanqaadkayaga tayada iyo waara wuxuu hubinayaa in alaabtayadu aysan kaliya buuxin laakiin ay dhaafsiisan yihiin heerarka warshadaha, taasoo naga dhigaysa lamaane lagu kalsoon yahay dhismaha iyo dayactirka nidaamyada biyaha wasakhda ah ee muhiimka ah.

Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo

S1: Waa maxay tuubo bir ah oo wareegsan oo la isku qurxiyey?

Tuubooyinka birta ah ee laalaada ee wareegsan waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo si wareegsan loo isku dhejiyo xariijin bir ah, taasoo siinaysa qaab-dhismeed adag oo waara. Habkani ma aha oo kaliya inuu kordhiyo xoogga tuubada, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu u oggolaanayaa in lagu soo saaro dhexroor waaweyn, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon isticmaalka kala duwan oo ay ku jiraan nidaamyada bulaacadaha.

S2: Maxaad u doorataa tuubooyinka birta ah ee laalaaban ee loogu talagalay nidaamyada wasakhda?

Sababta ugu weyn ee loo doortay tuubooyinka birta ah ee laalaaban ee nidaamyada wasakhda waa cimri dhererkooda sare. Tuubooyinkani waxay u adkeysan karaan cadaadisyo badan waxayna iska caabin karaan miridhku, iyagoo hubinaya cimri dheer xitaa jawi adag. Qaab-dhismeedkooda xooggan wuxuu laf-dhabar u yahay kaabayaasha gaadiidka wasakhda iyo biyaha wasakhda ah ee hufan oo la isku halleyn karo.

S3: Xaggee laga sameeyaa tuubooyinkan?

Shirkaddayadu waxay ku taallaa Cangzhou, Gobolka Hebei, waxayna hormuud ka ahayd soo saarista tuubooyinka birta ah ee laalaaban ee wareegsan tan iyo 1993. Iyada oo leh dhul dhan 350,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran, wadarta hantida RMB 680 milyan iyo 680 shaqaale xirfad leh, shirkaddayadu waxay ka go'an tahay inay soo saarto tuubooyin tayo sare leh oo buuxiya heerarka warshadaha.