Hubi in Tuubooyinka Gaaska Ammaan ah la Hubo
| Dhexroorka Dibadda ee Magacaaban | Dhumucda Darbiga Magacaaban (mm) | ||||||||||||||
| mm | In | 6.0 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 9.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | 12.0 | 13.0 | 14.0 | 15.0 | 16.0 | 18.0 | 20.0 | 22.0 |
| Miisaanka Halkii Halbeeg Dhererka (kg/m) | |||||||||||||||
| 219.1 | 8-5/8 | 31.53 | 36.61 | 41.65 | |||||||||||
| 273.1 | 10-3/4 | 39.52 | 45.94 | 52.30 | |||||||||||
| 323.9 | 12-3/4 | 47.04 | 54.71 | 62.32 | 69.89 | 77.41 | |||||||||
| (325) | 47.20 | 54.90 | 62.54 | 70.14 | 77.68 | ||||||||||
| 355.6 | 14 | 51.73 | 60.18 | 68.58 | 76.93 | 85.23 | |||||||||
| (377.0) | 54.89 | 63.87 | 72.80 | 81.67 | 90.50 | ||||||||||
| 406.4 | 16 | 59.25 | 68.95 | 78.60 | 88.20 | 97.76 | 107.26 | 116.72 | |||||||
| (426.0) | 62.14 | 72.33 | 82.46 | 92.55 | 102.59 | 112.58 | 122.51 | ||||||||
| 457 | 18 | 66.73 | 77.68 | 88.58 | 99.44 | 110.24 | 120.99 | 131.69 | |||||||
| (478.0) | 69.84 | 81.30 | 92.72 | 104.09 | 115.41 | 126.69 | 137.90 | ||||||||
| 508.0 | 20 | 74.28 | 86.49 | 98.65 | 110.75 | 122.81 | 134.82 | 146.79 | 158.69 | 170.56 | |||||
| (529.0) | 77.38 | 90.11 | 102.78 | 115.40 | 127.99 | 140.52 | 152.99 | 165.43 | 177.80 | ||||||
| 559.0 | 22 | 81.82 | 95.29 | 108.70 | 122.07 | 135.38 | 148.65 | 161.88 | 175.04 | 188.17 | |||||
| 610.0 | 24 | 89.37 | 104.10 | 118.77 | 133.39 | 147.97 | 162.48 | 176.97 | 191.40 | 205.78 | |||||
| (630.0) | 92.33 | 107.54 | 122.71 | 137.83 | 152.90 | 167.92 | 182.89 | 197.81 | 212.68 | ||||||
| 660.0 | 26 | 96.77 | 112.73 | 128.63 | 144.48 | 160.30 | 176.05 | 191.77 | 207.43 | 223.04 | |||||
| 711.0 | 28 | 104.32 | 121.53 | 138.70 | 155.81 | 172.88 | 189.89 | 206.86 | 223.78 | 240.65 | 257.47 | 274.24 | |||
| (720.0) | 105.65 | 123.09 | 140.47 | 157.81 | 175.10 | 192.34 | 209.52 | 226.66 | 243.75 | 260.80 | 277.79 | ||||
| 762.0 | 30 | 111.86 | 130.34 | 148.76 | 167.13 | 185.45 | 203.73 | 211.95 | 240.13 | 258.26 | 276.33 | 294.36 | |||
| 813.0 | 32 | 119.41 | 139.14 | 158.82 | 178.45 | 198.03 | 217.56 | 237.05 | 256.48 | 275.86 | 295.20 | 314.48 | |||
| (820.0) | 120.45 | 140.35 | 160.20 | 180.00 | 199.76 | 219.46 | 239.12 | 258.72 | 278.28 | 297.79 | 317.25 | ||||
| 864.0 | 34 | 147.94 | 168.88 | 189.77 | 210.61 | 231.40 | 252.14 | 272.83 | 293.47 | 314.06 | 334.61 | ||||
| 914.0 | 36 | 178.75 | 200.87 | 222.94 | 244.96 | 266.94 | 288.86 | 310.73 | 332.56 | 354.34 | |||||
| (920.0) | 179.93 | 202.20 | 224.42 | 246.59 | 286.70 | 290.78 | 312.79 | 334.78 | 356.68 | ||||||
| 965.0 | 38 | 188.81 | 212.19 | 235.52 | 258.80 | 282.03 | 305.21 | 328.34 | 351.43 | 374.46 | |||||
| 1016.0 | 40 | 198.87 | 223.51 | 248.09 | 272.63 | 297.12 | 321.56 | 345.95 | 370.29 | 394.58 | 443.02 | ||||
| (1020.0) | 199.66 | 224.39 | 249.08 | 273.72 | 298.31 | 322.84 | 347.33 | 371.77 | 396.16 | 444.77 | |||||
| 1067.0 | 42 | 208.93 | 234.83 | 260.67 | 286.47 | 312.21 | 337.91 | 363.56 | 389.16 | 414.71 | 465.66 | ||||
| 118.0 | 44 | 218.99 | 246.15 | 273.25 | 300.30 | 327.31 | 354.26 | 381.17 | 408.02 | 343.83 | 488.30 | ||||
| 1168.0 | 46 | 228.86 | 257.24 | 285.58 | 313.87 | 342.10 | 370.29 | 398.43 | 426.52 | 454.56 | 510.49 | ||||
| 1219.0 | 48 | 238.92 | 268.56 | 298.16 | 327.70 | 357.20 | 386.64 | 416.04 | 445.39 | 474.68 | 553.13 | ||||
| (1220.0) | 239.12 | 268.78 | 198.40 | 327.97 | 357.49 | 386.96 | 146.38 | 445.76 | 475.08 | 533.58 | |||||
| 1321.0 | 52 | 291.20 | 323.31 | 327.97 | 387.38 | 449.34 | 451.26 | 483.12 | 514.93 | 578.41 | |||||
| (1420.0) | 347.72 | 355.37 | 416.66 | 451.08 | 485.41 | 519.74 | 553.96 | 622.32 | 690.52 | ||||||
| 1422.0 | 56 | 348.22 | 382.23 | 417.27 | 451.72 | 486.13 | 520.48 | 554.97 | 623.25 | 691.51 | 759.58 | ||||
| 1524.0 | 60 | 373.38 | 410.44 | 447.46 | 484.43 | 521.34 | 558.21 | 595.03 | 688.52 | 741.82 | 814.91 | ||||
| (1620.0) | 397.03 | 436.48 | 457.84 | 515.20 | 554.46 | 593.73 | 623.87 | 711.11 | 789.12 | 867.00 | |||||
| 1626.0 | 64 | 398.53 | 438.11 | 477.64 | 517.13 | 556.56 | 595.95 | 635.28 | 713.80 | 792.13 | 870.26 | ||||
| 1727.0 | 68 | 423.44 | 465.51 | 507.53 | 549.51 | 591.43 | 633.31 | 675.13 | 758.64 | 841.94 | 925.05 | ||||
| (1820.0) | 446.37 | 492.74 | 535.06 | 579.32 | 623.50 | 667.71 | 711.79 | 799.92 | 887.81 | 975.51 | |||||
| 1829.0 | 72 | 493.18 | 626.65 | 671.04 | 714.20 | 803.92 | 890.77 | 980.39 | |||||||
| 1930.0 | 76 | 661.52 | 708.40 | 755.23 | 848.75 | 942.07 | 1035.19 | ||||||||
| (2020.0) | 692.60 | 741.69 | 790.75 | 888.70 | 986.41 | 1084.02 | |||||||||
| 2032.0 | 80 | 696.74 | 746.13 | 795.48 | 894.03 | 992.38 | 1090.53 | ||||||||
| (2220.0) | 761.65 | 815.68 | 869.66 | 977.50 | 1085.80 | 1192.53 | |||||||||
| (2420.0) | 948.58 | 1066.26 | 1183.75 | 1301.04 | |||||||||||
| (2540.0) | 100 | 995.93 | 1119.53 | 1242.94 | 1366.15 | ||||||||||
| (2845.0) | 112 | 1116.28 | 1254.93 | 1393.37 | 1531.63 | ||||||||||
Hordhac Badeecada
Badeecaddeenna cusub waxay leedahay isku-xidh joogto ah oo wareegsan, oo laga sameeyay xargo bir ah oo tayo sare leh oo si wareegsan loo tolay. Dhismahan gaarka ah ma aha oo kaliya inuu kordhiyo cimriga tuubada, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu bixiyaa xoog aan la barbar dhigi karin, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah iyo kaabayaasha kale ee muhiimka ah.
Tuubooyinkayaga birta ah ee laalaaban ee wareegsan waxaa loo sameeyay inay u adkeystaan cadaadis sare iyo xaalado ba'an, iyagoo hubinaya gaarsiinta gaaska dabiiciga ah oo ammaan ah oo la isku halleyn karo. Waxaan fahamsanahay muhiimadda ay leedahay ilaalinta hufnaanta dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah, alaabtayadana si adag ayaa loo tijaabiyaa si loo hubiyo u hoggaansanaanta heerarka iyo qawaaniinta warshadaha.
Markaad doorato noocayagatuubo bir ah oo si mug leh loo welded, waxaad maalgashataa xal mudnaanta siiya badbaadada iyada oo aan wax u dhimayn waxqabadka. Hadday tahay inaad ka shaqeyso warshadaha tamarta, dhismaha, ama warshad kasta oo u baahan xal tuubooyin adag, waxaan haynaa badeecooyin daboolaya baahiyahaaga.
Faa'iidada Shirkadda
Warshaddeennu waxay ku taallaa bartamaha Magaalada Cangzhou, Gobolka Hebei, waxayna hormuud ka ahayd warshadaha tuubooyinka birta tan iyo markii la aasaasay 1993. Warshaddu waxay daboolaysaa dhul dhan 350,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran waxayna ku qalabaysan tahay tignoolajiyad casri ah waxayna u hoggaansan tahay heerarka xakamaynta tayada ugu sarreeya. Iyada oo leh hanti dhan RMB 680 milyan iyo 680 shaqaale oo u heellan, waxaan ka go'an nahay inaan bixinno alaab buuxisa shuruudaha adag ee macaamiisheenna.
Faa'iidada Alaabta
Tuubooyinka gaaska ee laga soo saaro warshadda waxay leeyihiin isku-xidhyo wareeg ah oo joogto ah, oo laga sameeyay xargo bir ah oo si wareeg ah loo tolay. Naqshaddan cusub waxay bixisaa awood aan la barbar dhigi karin, taasoo ka dhigaysa tuubooyinkan kuwo ku habboon codsiyada adag sida dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah. Dhismaha adag wuxuu hubiyaa in tuubooyinku ay u adkeysan karaan cadaadiska sare iyo xaaladaha deegaanka ee ba'an, taas oo muhiim u ah ilaalinta badbaadada iyo hufnaanta gaadiidka gaaska dabiiciga ah.
Dhinaca wanaagsan, xoogga iyo cimriga tuubooyinkan waxay la macno tahay inay leeyihiin cimri dheer oo aan u baahnayn beddel joogto ah, taasoo ugu dambeyntii yareynaysa kharashyada dayactirka.
Intaa waxaa dheer, waxay u adkaystaan daxalka iyo arrimo kale oo deegaanka ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho lagu kalsoonaan karo oo loogu talagalay isticmaalka muddada dheer.
Yaraanta Badeecada
Dhanka kale, qiimaha bilowga ah ee tayadatuubooyinka gaaskawaxay noqon kartaa mid sare, taasoo ka hor istaagi karta shirkadaha qaar inay maalgashadaan.
Intaa waxaa dheer, habka rakibiddu wuu adkaan karaa wuxuuna u baahan karaa shaqaale xirfad leh, taas oo kordhin karta kharashyada guud.
Saamaynta ugu Weyn
Mid ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu muhiimsan ee warshadda waa tuubooyinka gaaska ee isku-xidhka wareega ee joogtada ah. Waxaa lagu sameeyay hab taxaddar leh oo bir ah oo si wareegsan loo tolay, tuubooyinkani waxay leeyihiin qaab-dhismeed gaar ah oo bixiya awood aan la barbar dhigi karin. Naqshaddan cusub waxay si gaar ah ugu habboon tahay codsiyada adag, sida dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah, halkaas oo cimri dherer iyo isku hallayn ay yihiin kuwa ugu muhiimsan.
Ujeedada ugu weyn ee dhuumaha gaaska waa inay u adkeystaan cadaadis sare iyo xaalado ba'an si loo hubiyo gaadiid ammaan ah oo gaaska dabiiciga ah. Tiknoolajiyada alxanka wareegsan ma aha oo kaliya inay kor u qaaddo sharafta qaab-dhismeedka dhuumaha, laakiin sidoo kale waxay bixisaa dabacsanaan naqshadeed, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon xaalado kala duwan oo rakibid ah. Tani waa muhiim warshado ay badbaadada iyo hufnaanta ay aad muhiim u yihiin.
Maadaama baahida gaaska dabiiciga ah ay sii kordheyso, doorka dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah ee tayada sare leh ayaa sii kordhaya. Tiknoolajiyadda wax soo saarka ee horumarsan oo ay weheliso ballanqaadka tayada ayaa ka dhigtay shirkaddan fadhigeedu yahay Cangzhou inay noqoto ciyaaryahan muhiim ah oo ka tirsan waaxda tamarta.







