Tuubo Tuubo Bir ah oo Tayo Sare leh oo loogu talagalay Mashaariicda Dhismaha
| Heerka Caadiga ah | Heerka Birta | Waxyaabaha Kiimikada ah (%) | Hantida Tijaabada ah | Charpy(V darajo) Tijaabada Saamaynta | ||||||||||
| c | Mn | p | s | Si | Kale | Xoogga Wax Soo Saarka(Mpa) | Xoogga Tijaabada(Mpa) | (L0=5.65 √ S0 )Daqiiqo Heerka Fidinta (%) | ||||||
| ugu badan | ugu badan | ugu badan | ugu badan | ugu badan | daq | ugu badan | daq | ugu badan | D ≤ 168.33mm | D > 168.3mm | ||||
|
GB/T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 < 1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ku darista NbVTi iyadoo la raacayo GB/T1591-94 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||
| Q215B | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
| Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 < 0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
| Q235B | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
| Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
| Q295B | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
| Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
| Q345B | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
|
GB/ T9711- 2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
Ikhtiyaar ah ku darista mid ka mid ah walxaha NbVTi ama isku-darka kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah | 175 | 310 | 27 | Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adkaanta Tamarta saamaynta iyo aagga jarista ayaa la dooran karaa. L555, eeg heerka. | ||||
| L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
| L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
| L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
| L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
| L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
| L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
| L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
| L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
| L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
|
API 5L (PSL 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Birta heerka B, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; birta ≥ heerka B, ku darista ikhtiyaariga ah Nb ama V ama iyaga isku darka, iyo Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 | 310 | (L0 = 50.8mm) inay noqoto lagu xisaabiyay qaacidada soo socota: e=1944·A0 .2/U0 .0 A: Bedka muunadda ee mm2 U: Xoogga ugu yar ee la cayimay ee Mpa | Midna ama midna ama labadaba saameynta tamar iyo xiirashada aagga ayaa looga baahan yahay shuruud adag. | ||||
| A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 207 | 331 | ||||||||
| B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 241 | 414 | ||||||||
| X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 414 | ||||||||
| X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 317 | 434 | ||||||||
| X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 359 | 455 | ||||||||
| X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 386 | 490 | ||||||||
| X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 414 | 517 | ||||||||
| X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 448 | 531 | ||||||||
| X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 483 | 565 | ||||||||
Hordhac Badeecada
Soo bandhigidda tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah ee tayo sare leh ee loogu talagalay mashaariicda dhismaha, oo loogu talagalay inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha adag ee dhismaha casriga ah. Iyada oo lagu sameeyay warshaddayada casriga ah ee Cangzhou, Gobolka Hebei, tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo agabka ugu fiican iyo tignoolajiyada horumarsan. Tan iyo markii la aasaasay 1993, waxaan ka go'annahay heer sare waxaana noqonnay hoggaamiye warshadeed, oo daboolaya dhul dhan 350,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran iyo wadarta hantida RMB 680 milyan.
Tuubooyinkayaga birta ah waxaa loogu talagalay inay noqdaan kuwo la isku halleyn karo oo waara, taasoo ka dhigaysa kuwo ku habboon codsiyada dhismaha ee kala duwan sida cofferdams. Tuubo kasta waxay martaa hab adag oo lagu xakameynayo tayada si loo hubiyo inay buuxiso heerarka ugu sarreeya, taasoo ku siinaysa xasillooni maskaxeed mashruucaaga dhismaha. Iyada oo la adeegsanayo 680 shaqaale xirfad leh, waxaan awood u leenahay inaan qabanno mashaariic cabbir kasta leh, annagoo keenayna badeecad aan buuxinayn filashooyinka, laakiin ka sarreysa.
Hadday tahay inaad ka shaqeyneyso mashruuc kaabayaal oo weyn ama mashruuc dhisme oo yar, tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah ee tayo sare leh ayaa ah xalka ugu habboon baahiyahaaga. Ku kalsoonow sannado badan oo waayo-aragnimo ah iyo ballanqaadkeenna tayada si aan kuu siino agabka ugu fiican mashruucaaga dhismaha. Dooro annagatuulmo tuubo bir ahXooggooda, isku hallayntooda iyo waxqabadkooda, iyo waayo-aragnimada farqiga ay agabka tayada sare leh ku samayn karaan mashruucaaga dhismaha.
Faa'iidada Alaabta
1. Iyada oo caan ku ah isku halaynta iyo xooggooda, tuubbooyinka birta ah ayaa ku habboon codsiyada dhismaha ee kala duwan, sida cofferdams.
2. Naqshadooda qaab-dhismeed ee adag waxay hubineysaa badbaadada iyo xasilloonida looga baahan yahay aasaaska iyo shaqooyinka kale ee kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha.
3. Birta tayada sare leh ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista tuubooyinka birta ah waxay u saamaxaysaa inay u adkeystaan culaysyo badan oo ay iska caabiyaan arrimaha deegaanka sida daxalka iyo dhaqdhaqaaqa ciidda.
4. Hababka wax soo saarka ee ay isticmaalaan shirkadaha sida annaga oo kale ah, oo ku yaal Cangzhou, Gobolka Hebei, waxay hubiyaan in tuulmo kasta ay buuxiso heerarka tayada ee adag, taasoo siinaysa qandaraaslayaasha iyo injineerada xasillooni maskaxeed.
Yaraanta Badeecada
1. Mid ka mid ah arrimaha ugu muhiimsan waa kharashka; birta tayada sare leh waa qaali, taasoo sababi karta in miisaaniyadda mashruucu kordho.
2. Habka rakibiddu wuu adkaan karaa, wuxuuna u baahan karaa qalab gaar ah iyo shaqaale xirfad leh, taasoo kordhin karta muddada mashruuca.
3. In kasta oo tuubbooyinka birta ahi ay yihiin kuwo waara, haddana waxay u nugul yihiin noocyo gaar ah oo daxal ah haddii aan si habboon loo maamulin ama loo ilaalin.
Codsiga
Dunida dhismaha ee sii kordheysa, doorashada agabku waxay saameyn weyn ku leedahay guusha iyo cimriga mashruuca. Hal agab oo la xaqiijiyay inay lama huraan yihiin waa tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah ee tayo sare leh. Tuulmooyinkan tuubooyinka birta ah si taxaddar leh ayaa loo soo saaray waxayna lagama maarmaan u yihiin codsiyada dhismaha ee kala duwan, gaar ahaan abuurista aasaas adag iyo hubinta daacadnimada qaab-dhismeedka.
Waxaa lagu sameeyay iyadoo la adeegsanayo agab tayo sare leh iyo tignoolajiyad casri ah,tuubo bir ahtuulmooyinku waa doorasho lagu kalsoonaan karo oo loogu talagalay mashruuc kasta oo dhisme ah. Naqshadooda dhismaha ee xooggan ayaa si gaar ah faa'iido ugu leh codsiyada sida cofferdams, halkaas oo xasilloonida iyo badqabku ay muhiim yihiin. Tuulmooyinkani waxay awood u leeyihiin inay u adkaystaan culeyska culus iyo xaaladaha deegaanka ee adag, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorashada ugu habboon ee injineerada iyo qandaraaslayaasha.
Gunaanadkii, isticmaalka tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah ee tayada sare leh ayaa lagama maarmaan u ah guusha mashruuca dhismaha. Kalsoonidooda, xooggooda, iyo hababka wax soo saarka ee horumarsan ayaa ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon mashaariicda aasaaska iyo kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha. Maadaama aan sii wadno hal-abuurka iyo horumarinta alaabadayada, waxaan weli ka go'an nahay inaan ku taageerno warshadaha dhismaha agabka ugu fiican. Dooro tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah ee mashruucaaga xiga oo la kulan farqiga tayada iyo waxqabadka.
Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo
S1: Waa maxay tuulmooyinka tuubooyinka birta ah?
Tuubooyinka birta ah waa qaab-dhismeedyo dhululubo ah oo laga sameeyay bir tayo sare leh, oo loogu talagalay in dhulka loogu riixo si loo siiyo taageero aasaasi ah. Waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo tignoolajiyad horumarsan si loo hubiyo inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha adag ee mashaariicda dhismaha ee kala duwan.
S2: Maxaad u dooranaysaa tuulmooyin tuubooyin bir ah oo loogu talagalay dhismaha?
Tuubooyinka birta ah waxaa loo yaqaanaa xooggooda iyo cimri dhererkooda. Naqshadooda dhismaha ee xooggan ayaa ka dhigaysa kuwo ku habboon sanduuqyada kaydka halkaasoo xasilloonidu ay aad muhiim u tahay. Tuubooyinkani waxay u adkeysan karaan culaysyo culus iyo xaaladaha deegaanka ee adag, taasoo ka dhigaysa xulasho lagu kalsoonaan karo oo loogu talagalay aasaaska iyo mashaariicda kale ee kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha.
S3: Xaggee bay shirkaddaadu ku taal?
Shirkaddayada waxaa la aasaasay 1993 waxayna ku taal Magaalada Cangzhou, Gobolka Hebei. Waxay daboolaysaa dhul dhan 350,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran, waxay leedahay hanti dhan 680 milyan oo yuan, waxayna hadda leedahay 680 shaqaale. Waxaan ka go'an nahay inaan soo saarno tuulmooyin tuubooyin bir ah oo tayo sare leh oo daboolaya baahiyaha macaamiisha.
S4: Tallaabooyinkee ayaad qaadataa si aad u hubiso tayada?
Waxaan diiradda saarnaa tayada marxalad kasta oo wax soo saar ah. Tuubooyinka birta ah ee aan saarno waxaa lagu sameeyaa agab tayo sare leh waxaana loo adeegsadaa tignoolajiyad horumarsan si loo hubiyo isku halaynta. Habkayaga xakamaynta tayada ee adag wuxuu hubiyaa in alaabtayadu ay buuxiyaan heerarka warshadaha iyo tilmaamaha macaamiisha.








