Tuubooyinka Dhismeed ee Qaybta Godan ee Qadadka Gaaska Dabiiciga ah ee Dhulka Hoostiisa
Spiral arctuubosayaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dhismaha khadadka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee dhulka hoostiisa sababtoo ah habka wax soo saarka ee gaarka ah.Tuubooyinka waxaa la sameeyaa iyagoo sameeynaya gariiro bir ah oo kulul oo qaab wareeg ah ka dibna alxanaya iyadoo la isticmaalayo habka alxanka arc hoostiisa.Tani waxay soo saartaa tuubooyinka quuska ee Spiral oo leh dhumuc isku mid ah iyo saxnaansho cabbir aad u wanaagsan, taasoo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon gaadiidka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee dhulka hoostiisa.
Shaxda 2 Qalabka ugu Muhiimsan ee Jirka iyo Kiimikada ee Tuubooyinka Birta (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 iyo API Spec 5L) | ||||||||||||||
Heerka | Heerka Birta | Qaybaha Kiimikada (%) | Hanti Jilicsan | Imtixaanka Saamaynta Charpy (V notch). | ||||||||||
c | Mn | p | s | Si | Mid kale | Xoogga Wax-soosaarka (Mpa) | Xooga Jilicsan (Mpa) | (L0=5.65 √ S0) Daqadda fiditaanka (%) | ||||||
max | max | max | max | max | min | max | min | max | D ≤ 168.33mm | D > 168.3mm | ||||
GB/T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 | 1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ku darista Nb\V\Ti si waafaqsan GB/T1591-94 | 215 |
| 335 |
| 15 | > 31 |
|
Q215B | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
Q235B | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
Q295B | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
Q345B | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
GB/T9711-2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| Ikhtiyaarka ku darida mid ka mid ah walxaha Nb\VTi ama wax kasta oo la isku daro | 175 |
| 310 |
| 27 | Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adkaanta ee saamaynta tamarta iyo aagga dhogorta ayaa la dooran karaa.Wixii L555, eeg heerka. | |
L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
API 5L (PSL 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| Heerka B birta, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; birta ≥ darajada B, ku darida Nb ama V ama isku darka, iyo Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 |
| 310 |
| (L0=50.8mm) in lagu xisaabiyo si waafaqsan qaacidada soo socota:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 | Midna ama mid ama labadaba tamarta saameynta iyo aagga xiirashada ayaa looga baahan yahay cabbir adag ahaan. | |
A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 207 | 331 | |||||||
B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 241 | 414 | |||||||
X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 290 | 414 | |||||||
X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 317 | 434 | |||||||
X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 359 | 455 | |||||||
X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 386 | 490 | |||||||
X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 414 | 517 | |||||||
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 448 | 531 | |||||||
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 483 | 565 |
Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee tuubooyinka qaabdhismeedka qaybta godan waa iska caabbinta daxalka ee wanaagsan.Marka dhulka hoostiisa lagu aaso, dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah waxay la kulmaan qoyaanka, kiimikooyinka ciidda iyo walxo kale oo daxaloobay.Tuubooyinka arc ee dhulka hoostiisa ku jira ayaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay inay u adkeystaan xaaladahan adag ee dhulka hoostiisa, iyagoo hubinaya cimri dhererka iyo isku halaynta dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah.
Ka sokow iska caabinta daxalka,tuubooyinka qaab-dhismeedka qayb-madhanwaxay bixiyaan awood sare iyo xasilooni, iyaga oo ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon rakibaadda dhulka hoostiisa.Naqshadaynta wareega ee tuubooyinkani waxay bixisaa awood aad u fiican oo qaadis ah, taas oo u oggolaanaysa inay u adkeystaan miisaanka ciidda iyo xoogagga kale ee dibadda iyaga oo aan waxyeello u geysan sharaftooda qaabdhismeedka.Tani waxay si gaar ah muhiim ugu tahay aagagga leh juqraafiyeed adag, halkaasoo dhuumaha ay tahay inay awoodaan inay u adkeystaan dhaqdhaqaaqa dhulka iyo dejinta.
Intaa waxaa dheer, tuubooyinka qaab-dhismeed ee qaybta bannaan ayaa caan ku ah wax-qabadkooda iyo waxtarkooda.Waxay ku yimaadaan cabbirro iyo dhumucyo kala duwan waxaana loo habeyn karaa si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha gaarka ah ee mashaariicda dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah ee dhulka hoostiisa.Tani waxay iyaduna yaraynaysaa baahida qalabaynta iyo alxanka dheeraadka ah, taasoo keentay in si degdeg ah loo rakibo oo ay hoos u dhigto kharashka guud.Dabeecadda khafiifka ah ee tuubooyinkani waxay sidoo kale ka dhigaysaa gaadiidka iyo maaraynta si hufan, oo sii kordhinaysa kaydinta kharashka.
Marka ay timaado in badbaadada iyo waxtarka eekhadadka gaaska dabiiciga ah ee dhulka hoostiisa, xulashada alaabta waa muhiim.Tuubooyinka qaab-dhismeed ee qaybta godan, gaar ahaan tuubooyinka arc-ka ee wareega, waxay isku daraan xoogga, adkeysiga, caabbinta daxalka iyo waxtarka, iyaga oo ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon gudbinta gaaska dabiiciga ah ee dhulka hoostiisa.Maalgelinta dhuumaha tayada sare leh ee si gaar ah loogu talagalay tas-hiilaadka dhulka hoostiisa, shirkadaha gaaska waxay hubin karaan isku halaynta iyo cimri dhererka kaabayaasha iyaga oo yareynaya kharashka dayactirka iyo dayactirka mustaqbalka fog.
Marka la soo koobo, tuubooyinka dhismaha ee qaybaha godan ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara dhismaha gaaska dabiiciga ah ee dhulka hoostiisa.Iska caabbinta daxalka sare, xoogga sare iyo waxtarka waxtarka leh ayaa ka dhigaya doorashada koowaad ee mashaariicda gaadiidka gaaska dabiiciga ah.Adoo dooranaya qalabka saxda ah ee tas-hiilaadka dhulka hoostiisa, shirkadaha gaaska dabiiciga ah waxay ilaalin karaan badbaadada iyo isku halaynta kaabayaashooda, ugu dambeyntii waxay caawiyaan inay si hufan u gaarsiiyaan gaaska dabiiciga ah macaamiisha.