Tuubada biyaha ee ugu weyn ee ay weheliso baahi weyn
Sifooyinka ugu weyn ee jirka iyo kiimikada ee tuubooyinka birta (GB / T3091-2008, GB / T9711-2011 iyo API-da 5l) | ||||||||||||||
Caadi ah | Fasalka birta | Kuwa kiimikada (%) | Hantida Tsile | Therpy (v notch) tijaabada saameynta saameynta | ||||||||||
c | Mn | p | s | Si | Kale | Xoog soo saar (MPA) | Xoog TSensile (MPA) | (L0 = 5.65 √ S-10) Ming fiditaan (%) | ||||||
dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | min | dixiri | min | dixiri | D ≤ 168.33mm | D> 168.3mm | ||||
GB / T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 <1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ku darista NBVTI si waafaqsan GB / T1591-94 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||
Q215b | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 <0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | > 26 | |||||
Q235b | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | > 26 | |||||
Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | > 23 | |||||
Q295b | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | > 23 | |||||
Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | > 21 | |||||
Q345b | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | > 21 | |||||
GB / T9711-2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Ikhtiyaar ku dar mid ka mid ah walxaha NBVTI ama wax kasta oo ka mid ah | 175 | 310 | 27 | Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adag ee saameynta saameynta tamarta iyo aagga ijaarka ayaa la dooran karaa. L555, arag heerka caadiga ah. | ||||
L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
Api 5l (psl 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | For grade B steel,Nb+V ≤ 0.03%;for steel ≥ grade B,optional adding Nb or V or their combination, and Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 | 310 | (L0 = 50.8mm) in loo xisaabiyo qaaciddada soo socota: e = 1944 · A.2 / U0 | Midkoodna ama labada ama labadaba ee saameynta saameynta iyo aagga xiirashada ayaa loo baahan yahay side adag. | ||||
A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 207 | 331 | ||||||||
B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 241 | 414 | ||||||||
X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 414 | ||||||||
X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 317 | 434 | ||||||||
X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 359 | 455 | ||||||||
X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 386 | 490 | ||||||||
X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 414 | 517 | ||||||||
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 448 | 531 | ||||||||
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 483 | 565 |
Hordhaca Waxsoosaarka
Soo bandhigida tuubooyinka biyaha ee ugu weyn ee adeegga ugu sarreeya, loogu talagalay in lagu haqabtiro baahiyaha kaladuwan ee warshado fara badan. Waxaa lagu soo saaray warshadda farshaxanka ee gobolka ee Cangzhou, gobolka Hebei, shirkadeenu waxay u ahayd hoggaamiye tuubbada wax soo saarka ilaa iyo 350,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran ah iyo wadarta hantida RMB 680 milyan. waxay ku faani karaan in la helo shaqaale u heellan oo ah 680 xirfadlayaal xirfad leh.
-EenaTuubbada biyaha ee ugu weynwaxaa injineer loogu talagalay waxqabadka ugu habboon ee ku saabsan codsiyada muhiimka ah sida biyihii biyaha iyo khadadka gaaska. Waxaan fahamsanahay in faahfaahinta tuubooyinkan, oo ay ku jiraan welds iyo naqshadaha xammeen ee wareega, ay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan shaqadooda iyo isku halaynta. Taasi waa sababta aan u isticmaalno farsamooyinka wax soo saarka sare iyo tallaabooyinka xakamaynta tayada adag si loo hubiyo in tuubooyinkeenu ay la kulmaan heerarka ugu sareeya ee warshadaha.
Caanooyinkayaga biyaha waxaa loogu talagalay inay noqdaan kuwo si heer sare ah loogu adeegsan karo oo isku mid ah, waxaana loo isticmaali karaa deegaanno kaladuwan, taasoo ka dhigeysa inay ku habboon yihiin qandaraasleyaasha, degmooyinka, iyo codsiyada warshadaha. Haddii aad rakibayso biyo cusub ama kor u qaadida xariiqda gaaska ee jira, tuubooyinkayagu waxay bixiyaan dhererka iyo xoogga loo baahan yahay si loo buuxiyo shuruudaha mashruuca kasta.
Faa'iidada wax soo saarka
Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka aasaasiga ah ee tuubooyinka biyaha ee ugu waaweyn waa dalkooda sare. Waxaa loogu talagalay inay ka soo baxaan baahida jawiga kala duwan, iyaga oo ka dhigaya mid ku habboon magaalooyinka magaalooyinka iyo miyiga labadaba. Awoodda ruuxa tuubooyinkan waxay u oggolaaneysaa in loo isticmaalo codsiyo kaladuwan, laga bilaabo biyaha guryaha ilaa gaadiidka gaaska ee warshadaha. Laqabsashadaani waxay muhiim u tahay degmooyinka iyo ganacsiyada isku mid ah, sida ay fududahay wax soo iibsiyada iyo geedi socodka rakibaadda.
Wax soosaarka wax soo saarka
Waxqabadka tuubooyinkan waxaa saameyn ku yeelan kara qodobo ay ka mid yihiin xaaladaha carrada, isbeddelada heerkulka, iyo heerarka cadaadiska. Tusaale ahaan, tuubooyinka gogoldhigga ah ayaa laga yaabaa inay u nugul yihiin xasaasiyadda jawiga qaarkood, halka tuubooyinka xargaha wareega laga yaabo inaysan noqon mid adag xaaladaha cadaadiska sare. Fahmitaanka xaddidan ayaa muhiim u ah injineerada iyo qorsheeyeyaasha si loo hubiyo nooca saxda ah ee tuubbada loo xushay codsi kasta oo gaar ah.
Isticmaal
Muhiimadda la isku halleyn karo, oo ah biyo-qabad biyo oo tayo sare leh oo ku saabsan horumarinta kaabayaasha weligiis sii kordhaya ma dhaafi karo. Waxaa loo yaqaanaa adeegyadooda sare, tuubooyinkani waxay muhiim u yihiin dalabyo kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan tuubooyinka biyaha iyo gaaska. Faahfaahintooda, sida welwelka iyo naqshadeynta SEMIRE, waxay door muhiim ah ka ciyaaraan hubinta waxqabadka ugu habboon iyo nolosha adeegga.
Tuubooyinka biyaha ee ugu muhiimsan waxaa loo isticmaalaa codsiyo kala duwan, oo ka muuqda noocyo kala duwan. Haddii ay tahay nidaam biyo-bixiye degmadu ama shabakad qaybinta gaaska, tuubooyinkayagu waxay u adkeysan karaan kuwa waxtarka leh inta ay sii wadeen hufnaanta. Weerarka iyoTuubbada topial tommoIkhtiyaarradu waxay bixisaa dabacsanaan arjiga, u oggolaanshaha xalka in loo habeeyo inay buuxiyaan shuruudaha mashruuca gaarka ah.
Warqad maqas
Q1. Waa maxay sheyga ay tahay biyuhu biyaha ugu weyn laga sameeyay?
Cuntada dhaxeyaasha waxaa badanaa laga sameeyaa agabyo waarta sida birta, PVC iyo HDPE. Xulashada agabka waxay kuxirantahay codsiyada gaarka ah iyo xaaladaha deegaanka.
Q2. Waa maxay tuubooyinka gogosha oo gorgor ah iyo tuubooyinka xargaha wareega?
Tuubbada dharka lagu xiro ayaa lagu sameeyay iyadoo ku soo biira laba geesood oo biibiile ah, oo leh qaab dhismeedka xoogga badan oo daadanaya. Tuubbada topial tom waxaa lagu sameeyay iyada oo loo rogayo xarig bir ah oo fidsan qaab tuubbo tuubbo ah, oo leh dabacsanaan weyn ee naqshadeynta iyo arjiga.
Q3. Sideen u doortaa dhuumaha saxda ah ee mashruucayga?
Tixgeli qodobo ay ka mid yihiin nooca dareeraha ah ee la gudbinayo, shuruudaha cadaadiska, iyo xaaladaha deegaanka. La-tashiga xirfadleyda ayaa waliba kaa caawin kara hubinta inaad doorato tuubbada ugu fiican baahiyahaaga.