Tuubo Sawh ah oo Qiimo leh oo daboolaysa baahiyahaaga

Tuubo Sawh ah oo Qiimo Jaban oo daboolaysa baahiyahaaga Sawirka La Soo Bandhigay

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Tuubooyinkayaga birta ah ee SAWH waxaa lagu sameeyaa iyadoo la adeegsanayo tiknoolajiyad casri ah waxaana la mariyaa kormeer tayo sare leh si loo hubiyo inay buuxiyaan heerarka ugu sarreeya ee warshadaha. Tan iyo markii la aasaasay 1993, waxaan ka go'annahay heer sare waxaana noqonay soo-saare hormuud ka ah warshadaha tuubooyinka birta.

Noo soo dir emayl

Faahfaahinta Badeecada

Calaamadaha Alaabta

Warshadeenna casriga ah oo ku taal bartamaha Magaalada Cangzhou, Gobolka Hebei, waxay daboolaysaa 350,000 mitir oo laba jibbaaran iyadoo wadarta guud ee hantida RMB ay tahay 680 milyan oo RMB ah. Waxaan leenahay 680 shaqaale xirfad leh oo u heellan soo saarista tuubooyinka birta ah ee aan buuxin oo keliya laakiin ka sarreeya filashooyinka macaamiisheenna.

Loogu talagalay inay ku habboonaato codsiyo kala duwan, qiimo sareTuubooyinka SAWHwaa kuwo ku habboon dhismaha, kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha iyo mashaariic warshadeed oo kala duwan. Tuubooyinkayagu waxay caan ku yihiin cimri dhererkooda, xooggooda iyo iska caabbinta miridhku, iyagoo hubinaya inay si kalsooni leh u shaqeeyaan xitaa deegaannada ugu baahida badan.

Qeexitaanka Badeecada

Dhexroorka Dibadda ee la cayimay (D)		Dhumucda Darbiga ee la cayimay ee mm	Cadaadiska ugu yar ee tijaabada (Mpa)
Dhexroorka Dibadda ee la cayimay (D)			Heerka Birta
in	mm		L210(A)	L245(B)	L290(X42)	L320(X46)	L360(X52)	L390(X56)	L415(X60)	L450(X65)	L485(X70)	L555(X80)
8-5/8	219.1	5.0	5.8	6.7	9.9	11.0	12.3	13.4	14.2	15.4	16.6	19.0
		7.0	8.1	9.4	13.9	15.3	17.3	18.7	19.9	20.7	20.7	20.7
		10.0	11.5	13.4	19.9	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
9-5/8	244.5	5.0	5.2	6.0	10.1	11.1	12.5	13.6	14.4	15.6	16.9	19.3
		7.0	7.2	8.4	14.1	15.6	17.5	19.0	20.2	20.7	20.7	20.7
		10.0	10.3	12.0	20.2	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
10-3/4	273.1	5.0	4.6	5.4	9.0	10.1	11.2	12.1	12.9	14.0	15.1	17.3
		7.0	6.5	7.5	12.6	13.9	15.7	17.0	18.1	19.6	20.7	20.7
		10.0	9.2	10.8	18.1	19.9	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
12-3/4	323.9	5.0	3.9	4.5	7.6	8.4	9.4	10.2	10.9	11.8	12.7	14.6
		7.0	5.5	6.5	10.7	11.8	13.2	14.3	15.2	16.5	17.8	20.4
		10.0	7.8	9.1	15.2	16.8	18.9	20.5	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
	(325.0)	5.0	3.9	4.5	7.6	8.4	9.4	10.2	10.9	11.8	12.7	14.5
		7.0	5.4	6.3	10.6	11.7	13.2	14.3	15.2	16.5	17.8	20.3
		10.0	7.8	9.0	15.2	16.7	18.8	20.4	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
13-3/8	339.7	5.0	3.7	4.3	7.3	8.0	9.0	9.8	10.4	11.3	12.1	13.9
		8.0	5.9	6.9	11.6	12.8	14.4	15.6	16.6	18.0	19.4	20.7
		12.0	8.9	10.4	17.4	19.2	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
14	355.6	6.0	4.3	5.0	8.3	9.2	10.3	11.2	11.9	12.9	13.9	15.9
		8.0	5.7	6.6	11.1	12.2	13.8	14.9	15.9	17.2	18.6	20.7
		12.0	8.5	9.9	16.6	18.4	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
	(377.0)	6.0	4.0	4.7	7.8	8.6	9.7	10.6	11.2	12.2	13.1	15.0
		8.0	5.3	6.2	10.5	11.5	13.0	14.1	15.0	16.2	17.5	20.0
		12.0	8.0	9.4	15.7	17.3	19.5	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
16	406.4	6.0	3.7	4.3	7.3	8.0	9.0	9.8	10.4	11.3	12.2	13.9
		8.0	5.0	5.8	9.7	10.7	12.0	13.1	13.9	15.1	16.2	18.6
		12.0	7.4	8.7	14.6	16.1	18.1	19.6	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
	(426.0)	6.0	3.5	4.1	6.9	7.7	8.6	9.3	9.9	10.8	11.6	13.3
		8.0	4.7	5.5	9.3	10.2	11.5	12.5	13.2	14.4	15.5	17.7
		12.0	7.1	8.3	13.9	15.3	17.2	18.7	19.9	20.7	20.7	20.7
18	457.0	6.0	3.3	3.9	6.5	7.1	8.0	8.7	9.3	10.0	10.8	12.4
		8.0	4.4	5.1	8.6	9.5	10.7	11.6	12.4	13.4	14.4	16.5
		12.0	6.6	7.7	12.9	14.3	16.1	17.4	18.5	20.1	20.7	20.7
20	508.0	6.0	3.0	3.5	6.2	6.8	7.7	8.3	8.8	9.6	10.3	11.8
		8.0	4.0	4.6	8.2	9.1	10.2	11.1	11.8	12.8	13.7	15.7
		12.0	6.0	6.9	12.3	13.6	15.3	16.6	17.6	19.1	20.6	20.7
		16.0	7.9	9.3	16.4	18.1	20.4	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
	(529.0)	6.0	2.9	3.3	5.9	6.5	7.3	8.0	8.5	9.2	9.9	11.3
		9.0	4.3	5.0	8.9	9.8	11.0	11.9	12.7	13.8	14.9	17.0
		12.0	5.7	6.7	11.8	13.1	14.7	15.9	16.9	18.4	19.8	20.7
		14.0	6.7	7.8	13.8	15.2	17.1	18.6	19.8	20.7	20.7	20.7
		16.0	7.6	8.9	15.8	17.4	19.6	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
22	559.0	6.0	2.7	3.2	5.6	6.2	7.0	7.5	8.0	8.7	9.4	10.7
		9.0	4.1	4.7	8.4	9.3	10.4	11.3	12.0	13.0	14.1	16.1
		12.0	5.4	6.3	11.2	12.4	13.9	15.1	16.0	17.4	18.7	20.7
		14.0	6.3	7.4	13.1	14.4	16.2	17.6	18.7	20.3	20.7	20.7
		19.1	8.6	10.0	17.8	19.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
		22.2	10.0	11.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
24	610.0	6.0	2.5	2.9	5.1	5.7	6.4	6.9	7.3	8.0	8.6	9.8
		9.0	3.7	4.3	7.7	8.5	9.6	10.4	11.0	12.0	12.9	14.7
		12.0	5.0	5.8	10.3	11.3	12.7	13.8	14.7	15.9	17.2	19.7
		14.0	5.8	6.8	12.0	13.2	14.9	16.1	17.1	18.6	20.0	20.7
		19.1	7.9	9.1	16.3	17.9	20.2	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
		25.4	10.5	12.0	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
	(630.0)	6.0	2.4	2.8	5.0	5.5	6.2	6.7	7.1	7.7	8.3	9.5
		9.0	3.6	4.2	7.5	8.2	9.3	10.0	10.7	11.6	12.5	14.3
		12.0	4.8	5.6	9.9	11.0	12.3	13.4	14.2	15.4	16.6	19.0
		16.0	6.4	7.5	13.3	14.6	16.5	17.8	19.0	20.6	20.7	20.7
		19.1	7.6	8.9	15.8	17.5	19.6	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7
		25.4	10.2	11.9	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7	20.7

Habka wax soo saarku wuxuu ka bilaabmaa isku xirka xargaha birta ah dhammaadka ilaa dhammaadka iyadoo la adeegsanayo alxanka qaansada ee mono-ama mataanaha ah ee hoos yimaada. Habkani wuxuu hubiyaa isku xir aan kala go 'lahayn oo u dhexeeya madaxa iyo dabada, taasoo kor u qaadaysa hufnaanta qaab-dhismeedka tuubada. Intaa ka dib, xarigga birta ah waxaa loo rogaa qaab tuubo ah. Si loo sii xoojiyo dhuumaha, alxanka qaansada ee tooska ah ee hoos yimaada ayaa loo isticmaalaa alxanka dayactirka. Habkani wuxuu ku darayaa lakab dheeraad ah oo waara, taasoo u oggolaanaysa tuubooyinka inay u adkeystaan xaaladaha deegaanka ee adag.

Faa'iidada Alaabta

1. Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee tuubada SAWH waa xooggeeda iyo cimri dhererkeeda gaarka ah.

2. Kormeerka tayada adag wuxuu hubiyaa in tuubo kasta ay buuxiso heerarka warshadaha, taasoo siinaysa injineerada iyo maamulayaasha mashruuca inay dareemaan nabad.

3. Faa'iido kale oo muhiim ah oo ay leedahay tuubooyinka SAWH waa kala duwanaansho ay leeyihiin. Waxaa lagu soo saari karaa cabbirro iyo dhumuc kala duwan waxaana loo habeyn karaa si ay ugu habboonaadaan shuruudaha mashruuca gaarka ah. La qabsigan ayaa ka dhigaya mid ku habboon codsiyo kala duwan, taasoo kor u qaadaysa soo jiidashada qandaraaslayaasha iyo dhisayaasha.

Yaraanta Badeecada

1. Tuubooyinka tayada leh ee SAWH guud ahaan way ka qaalisan yihiin tuubooyinka caadiga ah. Mashaariicda miisaaniyada ku salaysan, tani waxay noqon kartaa arrin xaddidan.

2. In kasta oo tiknoolajiyada horumarsan ee loo isticmaalo wax soo saarka ay hubinayso tayo sare, haddana waxay sidoo kale keeni kartaa waqtiyo badan oo hogaamineed, taasoo saameyn ku yeelanaysa jadwalka mashruuca.

Su'aalaha Badiya La Weydiiyo

S1. Waa maxay tuubada SAWH?

Tuubada SAWH waa nooc ka mid ah tuubooyinka laalaada ee wareegsan oo loo yaqaan xooggeeda iyo cimrigeeda. Waxaa laga sameeyay xargo bir ah oo si wareegsan loo dahaadhay waxayna ku habboon yihiin isticmaalka cadaadiska sare.

S2. Warshadee ayaa adeegsata tuubooyinka SAWH?

Tuubooyinkayaga SAWH waxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa warshadaha sida dhismaha, biyaha, saliidda iyo gaaska, iyo mashaariicda kaabayaasha dhaqaalaha sababtoo ah adkeysigooda iyo isku halleyntooda.

S3. Sideen u dooran karaa tuubada SAWH ee saxda ah ee mashruucayga?

Ka fiirso arrimo ay ka mid yihiin dhexroorka tuubada, dhumucda derbiga iyo shuruudaha gaarka ah ee mashruuca. Kooxdayadu waxay kaa caawin kartaa inaad doorato ikhtiyaarka ugu fiican ee dabooli kara baahiyahaaga.

S4. Tallaabooyinkee ayaa la qaaday si loo hubiyo tayada?

Waxaan hirgelinnaa habab adag oo lagu xakameynayo tayada marxalad kasta oo wax soo saar ah si loo hubiyo in Tuubooyinka SAWH-ga ay buuxiyaan heerarka caalamiga ah iyo filashooyinka macaamiisha.