Dhuumaha birta Spiral Seam ee Dhuumaha Biyaha Dhulka Hoostiisa
TheDhuumaha biyaha dhulka hoostiisawaa tuubo bir ah oo wareeg ah oo ay samaysay si toos ah oo labajibbaaran oo laba-geesood ah oo hoos yimaada habka alxanka arc.Dhuumaha waxaa laga sameeyaa gariiradaha birta ah ee xariijimaha ah waxaana lagu sii saaraa heerkul joogto ah si loo hubiyo in ay jiri doonto iyo cimrigeeda.
Tilmaamaha ugu Muhiimsan ee Jirka iyo Kiimikada ee Tuubooyinka Birta (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 iyo API Spec 5L) | ||||||||||||||
Heerka | Heerka Birta | Qaybaha Kiimikada (%) | Hanti Jilicsan | Imtixaanka Saamaynta Charpy (V notch). | ||||||||||
c | Mn | p | s | Si | Mid kale | Xoogga Wax-soosaarka (Mpa) | Xooga Jilicsan (Mpa) | (L0=5.65 √ S0) Daqadda fiditaanka (%) | ||||||
max | max | max | max | max | min | max | min | max | D ≤ 168.33mm | D > 168.3mm | ||||
GB/T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 | 1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ku darista Nb\V\Ti si waafaqsan GB/T1591-94 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||
Q215B | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
Q235B | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
Q295B | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
Q345B | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
GB/T9711-2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Ikhtiyaarka ku darida mid ka mid ah walxaha Nb\VTi ama wax kasta oo la isku daro | 175 | 310 | 27 | Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adkaanta ee saamaynta tamarta iyo aagga dhogorta ayaa la dooran karaa.Wixii L555, eeg heerka. | ||||
L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
API 5L (PSL 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Heerka B birta, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; birta ≥ darajada B, ku darida Nb ama V ama isku darka, iyo Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 | 310 | (L0=50.8mm) in lagu xisaabiyo si waafaqsan qaacidada soo socota:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 | Midna ama mid ama labadaba tamarta saameynta iyo aagga xiirashada ayaa looga baahan yahay cabbir adag ahaan. | ||||
A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 207 | 331 | ||||||||
B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 241 | 414 | ||||||||
X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 414 | ||||||||
X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 317 | 434 | ||||||||
X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 359 | 455 | ||||||||
X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 386 | 490 | ||||||||
X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 414 | 517 | ||||||||
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 448 | 531 | ||||||||
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 483 | 565 |
Dhismaha isku-dhafka ah ee tuubada waxay hubisaa inay tahay mid aad u xoog badan oo cadaadis u adkaysata, taasoo ka dhigaysa doorasho ku habboon hababka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa.
Marka lagu daro xoogga iyo cimri dhererka, tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ayaa loogu talagalay fududaynta rakibidda.Dhismaha tollayntu waa mid dabacsan oo la qabsan karo, taas oo u oggolaanaysa dhaqdhaqaaq fudud iyo meelaynta xitaa dhulka ugu adag.Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inaad si dhakhso leh oo hufan u dhigi karto tuubooyinka, adoo badbaadinaya wakhtiga iyo kharashka shaqada.
Intaa waxaa dheer, isticmaalka qalab tayo sare leh iyo tignoolajiyada alxanka sare waxay hubisaa in dhuumaha biyaha ee dhulka hoostiisa ay aad ugu adkaysanayaan daxalka iyo miridhku.Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inay ilaalin doonto daacadnimadeeda iyo shaqeynteeda sanado, xitaa xaaladaha adag ee dhulka hoostiisa.
Tuubooyinka biyaha ee dhulka hoostiisa ayaa lagu heli karaa cabbirro kala duwan si loo daboolo baahiyaha gaarka ah ee mashruucaaga.Haddi aad dhigayso biyo yar oo gudaha ah ama nidaam warshadeed oo weyn, waxaanu kuu haynaa dhuumaha ugu fiican.Kooxdayada khabiiradu waxay sidoo kale ku siin karaan talo iyo taageero ku habboon si ay kaaga caawiyaan inaad doorato tuubooyinka ku habboon shuruudahaaga.
Marka ay timaado nidaamka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa, waxaad u baahan tahay tuubo aad ku kalsoon tahay.Iyada oo la adeegsanayo dhismo isku dhafan oo wareeg ah oo horumarsan, qalab tayo leh iyo alxanka khabiirada, tuubooyinka biyaha ee dhulka hoostiisa ayaa ku habboon shabakad kasta oo biyo-bixineed.Waarta, la isku halleyn karo oo sahlan in la rakibo, tuubadani waxay istaagi doontaa imtixaanka waqtiga, oo ku siinaya xasilloonida maskaxda iyo waxqabadka sare.
Isku soo wada duuboo, tuubooyinka tollaynta wareega ayaa ah doorasho aad u fiican qof kasta oo u baahan xal qaybinta biyaha tayo sare leh, la isku halayn karo oo waara.Iyada oo ay dhismayso tollayn heer sare ah oo xirfad lehalxanka biraha, tuubada waxay bixisaa xoog aan la mid ahayn, dabacsanaan iyo iska caabin daxalka.Ha u dhimin tayada nidaamkaaga biyaha dhulka hoostiisa - dooro tubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa si aad u noqoto xal aad ku kalsoonaan karto.