Tuubada steel steel ee steel oo loogu talagalay dhuumaha biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ah
-Ga / -daTuubada biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ku jirtaWaa tuubbo bir ah oo bir ah oo ay sameeyeen hadiyad laba-geesood ah oo si toos ah u leh oo laba-dhinac ah oo ay weheliso. Tuubbada waxaa laga sameeyay xirmooyin bir ah oo bir ah waxaana lagu soo rogayaa heerkul joogto ah si loo hubiyo cimrigiisa iyo cimrigiisa.
Sifooyinka ugu weyn ee jirka iyo kiimikada ee tuubooyinka birta (GB / T3091-2008, GB / T9711-2011 iyo API-da 5l) | ||||||||||||||
Caadi ah | Fasalka birta | Kuwa kiimikada (%) | Hantida Tsile | Therpy (v notch) tijaabada saameynta saameynta | ||||||||||
c | Mn | p | s | Si | Kale | Xoog soo saar (MPA) | Xoog TSenlisle (MPA) | (L0 = 5.65 √ S-10) Ming fiditaan (%) | ||||||
dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | min | dixiri | min | dixiri | D ≤ 168.33mm | D> 168.3mm | ||||
GB / T3091 -2008 | Q215a | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 <1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ku darista nb \ v \ ti iyadoo la raacayo GB / T1591-94 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||
Q215b | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 <0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | > 26 | |||||
Q235b | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | > 26 | |||||
Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | > 23 | |||||
Q295b | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | > 23 | |||||
Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | > 21 | |||||
Q345b | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | > 21 | |||||
GB / T9711-2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | Ikhtiyaar ah oo ku daraya mid ka mid ah walxaha nb \ v \ timit ama wax kasta oo ka mid ah | 175 | 310 | 27 | Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adag ee saameynta saameynta tamarta iyo aagga ijaarka ayaa la dooran karaa. L555, arag heerka caadiga ah. | ||||
L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
Api 5l (psl 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 | For grade B steel,Nb+V ≤ 0.03%;for steel ≥ grade B,optional adding Nb or V or their combination, and Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 | 310 | (L0 = 50.8mm) in loo xisaabiyo qaaciddada soo socota: e = 1944 · A.2 / U0 | Midkoodna ama labada ama labadaba ee saameynta saameynta iyo aagga xiirashada ayaa loo baahan yahay side adag. | ||||
A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 207 | 331 | ||||||||
B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 241 | 414 | ||||||||
X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 414 | ||||||||
X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 317 | 434 | ||||||||
X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 359 | 455 | ||||||||
X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 386 | 490 | ||||||||
X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 414 | 517 | ||||||||
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 448 | 531 | ||||||||
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 483 | 565 |
Dhismaha isku-dhafka ah ee la isku khilaafyo ayaa hubiya inay tahay mid aad u xoog badan oo cadaadis u adkaysta, taasoo ka dhigeysa mid ka fiican nidaam biyo dhulka hoostiisa ah.
Ka sokow xoogga iyo cimri-dheer, tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa waxaa loogu talagalay si sahlan loo rakibo. Dhismaha isku-dhafka ah waa mid la beddeli karo oo la waafajinayo, oo u oggolaanaya dhaqaajinta fudud iyo meelaynta xitaa meelaha ugu adag ee dhulka ugu adag. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inaad si dhakhso ah oo hufan u dhigto tuubooyin, waqti badbaadin iyo kharashyo shaqo.
Intaas waxaa sii dheer, isticmaalka agab tayo sare leh iyo tikniyoolajiyad horumar leh ayaa hubiya in tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ah ay si weyn ugu adkaystaan saxaafada iyo miridhku. Tani waxay ka dhigan tahay inay ilaalin doonto sharafteeda iyo shaqadeeda sanadaha, xitaa xaaladaha dhulka hoostiisa ee daran.


Tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ah waxaa lagu heli karaa cabbirro kala duwan si loo haqabtiro baahiyaha gaarka ah ee mashruucaaga. Haddii aad dhigatid biyo yar oo guri oo maxalli ah ama nidaam warshadeed oo ballaaran, waxaan kuu haynaa tuubada kaamil ah adiga. Kooxdeena khubarada ah ayaa waliba bixin kara talobixin ku habboon iyo taageero kaa caawinaya inaad doorato tuubooyinka ku habboon shuruudahaaga.
Markay timaado nidaamyada biyaha dhulka hoostiisa, waxaad u baahan tahay tuubbo aad ku kalsoon tahay. Iyada oo leh dhismaha wadajirka ah ee horumarsan, agab tayo leh iyo alxamid khabiir ah, tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ku jira waxay ku habboon yihiin shabakad kasta oo biyo ah. Waara, la isku halleyn karo oo sahlan in la rakibo, tuubadaasi waxay istaagaan imtixaanka waqtiga, iyagoo ku siinaya nabadgelyada maskaxda iyo waxqabadka sare.
Dhammaantoodna, tuubooyinka somalida ah waa ikhtiyaar fiican oo loogu talagalay qof kasta oo u baahan tayo sare, oo lagu kalsoonaan karo, iyo xalka biyaha ee waara. Oo leh dhismaheeda korantada ee horumarsan iyo xirfadleydaWeelka birta, tuubbada waxay bixisaa xoog aan caadi ahayn, dabacsanaan iyo iska caabin la xiriira. Ha u tanaasulin tayada nidaamka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa - dooro tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ee xalka aad ku kalsoonaan karto.