Tuubbooyinka dharka lagu xiro ee loogu talagalay dhuumaha gaaska dabiiciga ah

Sharraxaadda Gaaban:

Tuubbada dharka lagu dhajiyo waafaqsan yahay wax soo saar isku mid ah oo loo isticmaali karo warshado kala duwan iyo beerooyin kala duwan. Iyada oo ay ku jirto sharafteeda qaab dhismeedka iyo cimriga dheer, waxay noqotay qayb lagama maarmaan u ah mashaariicda biyaha, warshadaha petrochemical, warshadaha kiimikada, warshadaha korantada ee korantada, waraabka beeraha, iyo dhismaha magaalada. Haddii lagu wareejiyo dareeraha, wareejinta gaaska ama ujeeddooyinka dhismaha, tuubbada gogol-dhaafku waa ikhtiyaar lagu kalsoonaan karo oo hufan.

U dir emaylka

Si faahfaafo

Calaamadaha wax soo saarka

Tuubbada dharka lagu dhejiyo ee wareegaya, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaantuubboadd, waxaa lagu soo saaray iyadoo la adeegsanayo tikniyoolajiyadda hordhaca ah si loo abuuro wax soo saar adag. Waxay ka kooban tahay isku-dhafan joogto ah oo istarool ah oo ay sameeyeen xargaha jeebka wareega. Qaab-dhismeedkan qaaska ah wuxuu bixiyaa xoog aan toos ahayn, taasoo ka dhigeysa mid ku habboon dalbashada codsiyada sidaKhadadka gaaska dabiiciga ah.

Mid ka mid ah codsiyada ugu waaweyn ee tuubbada dharka lagu dhaqo waa gaadiid caadi ah. Waxaa si gaar ah loogu talagalay oo loo soo saaray si loo hor tago jawiga cadaadiska sare ee la xiriira gudbinta gaaska dabiiciga ah. Tuubbooyinka dharka lagu dhejiyo ayaa hubiya gaarsiinta nabdoonaanta iyo wax ku oolka ah ee gaaska dabiiciga ah ee warshadaha iyo macaamiisha, hubinta in la isku halleyn karo oo yareyn kara wixii daadanaya ama shilalka.

Dhexroor ka baxsan		Dhumucda darbiga (mm)
mm	In	6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm	In	Miisaankii dhererkiiba (kg / m)
219.1	8-5 / 8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3 / 4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3 / 4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(284.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Intaa waxaa sii dheer,tuubooyinka dharka lagu dhejiyoWaxaa sidoo kale si weyn loogu isticmaalaa biyaha iyo nidaamyada daadinta. Dhismaha daadashada-caddeynta iyo iska caabbinta daadashada ayaa ka dhigaya doorashada ugu fiican ee biyaha ka soo qaadaya isha meesha loo socdo. Mudnaanteeda awgeed, waxay u adkeysan kartaa xaaladaha adag ee badanaa lagu soo kulmo mashaariicda bixinta biyaha, iyagoo siinta jaaliyadaha iyo warshadaha oo leh xalal muddo dheer ah, oo la isku halleyn karo.

Warshadaha petherchemical, tuubooyinka dharka lagu jaro ayaa door muhiim ah ka ciyaara gaadiidka gaaska, Steam, gaaska batroolka shidaalka iyo walxaha kale. Iidaadkeeda xooggooda iyo iska-dhigga ee iska-dhigga ayaa ka dhigaya xulasho aad u fiican oo lagu gudbinayo waxyaabahaas kacsan. Haddii ay tahay warshad balaaran oo peatchemical ama rakibaad yar, tuubooyin yaryar oo qudhmay ayaa hubiya gaadiid aamin ah oo hufan ee ilahaan muhiimka ah.

Intaa waxaa dheer, qaab dhismeedka tuubbada qaylada welwelka ah ayaa si ballaaran loo istcimaalaa. Waxaa badanaa loo isticmaalaa sidii tuubooyinka samaynta ee aasaaska mashaariicda dhismaha, iyadoo la siinayo taageero iyo xasillooni darro. Dhismaha tuubbada ayaa sidoo kale ka dhigaysa doorashada koowaad ee buundooyinka, gowrada, wadooyinka iyo qaab dhismeedka dhismaha. Awooda ay u leeyihiin ka hortagga xamuul culus iyo xoogagga dibedda waxay xaqiijineysaa amniga iyo daacadnimada qaabdhismeedkan, taasoo ka dhigaya qayb lagama maarmaan u ah garoonka dhismaha magaalada.

Gunaanad, tuubbada weldeg (oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan 'Pipe' 'ayaa bixiya xalka iyo xalka waara ee warshadaha iyo waaxaha kala duwan. Codsiyada kala duwan ee kala duwan waxaa ka mid ah injineeriyada biyaha, warshadaha kiimikada, warshadaha korantada, waraabka, iwm, ama ujeeddooyin dhisme, ama goobitaan dhisme ah, oo ah xulasho hufan oo hufan. Iyada oo ay weheliso awooddeeda aan caadiga ahayn, dabaqa dambe iyo iska caabbinta, waxay weli tahay qayb muhiim ah oo ka jirta warshadaha casriga ah.

Hore: Tuubbooyinka Weerarka ee Weerarka ee Arced ee Weerarka

Xiga: Wareegga tuubada birta ee dhuuban ee dhuumaha iyo gaaska

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