Awooda Dhuumaha Laba-laaban ee Welded ee Codsiyada Warshadaha
Tuubooyinka alxanka ah ee laba jibaaranwaxaa lagu dhisay laba alxan oo madax-bannaan si ay u sameeyaan xiriir adag oo la isku halleyn karo oo u dhexeeya qaybaha tuubooyinka. Nidaamka alxanka labanlaaban wuxuu hubinayaa in tuubuhu u adkeysan karo culeysyada iyo culeysyada laga yaabo in ay la kulmaan inta lagu jiro hawlgalka, taas oo ka dhigaysa doorasho la isku halleyn karo oo loogu talagalay codsiyada muhiimka ah ee aan guuldarradu ahayn ikhtiyaar.
Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee tuubooyinka laba-laaban waa awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay wax ka qabtaan deegaannada cadaadiska sare leh. Habka alxanka labajibbaaran wuxuu abuuraa xiriir aan fiicneyn oo xoog leh oo u dhexeeya qaybaha tuubooyinka, isaga oo hubinaya inay u adkeysan karaan cadaadiska gudaha iyada oo aan halis u ahayn daadinta ama fashilka. Tani waxay ka dhigaysaa inay ku habboon yihiin codsiyada sida dhuumaha saliidda iyo gaasta, halkaasoo daacadnimada nidaamka dhuumaha ay muhiim u tahay badbaadada iyo waxtarka hawlgalka.
Shaxda 2 Qalabka ugu Muhiimsan ee Jirka iyo Kiimikada ee Tuubooyinka Birta (GB/T3091-2008, GB/T9711-2011 iyo API Spec 5L) | ||||||||||||||
Heerka | Heerka Birta | Qaybaha Kiimikada (%) | Hanti Jilicsan | Imtixaanka Saamaynta Charpy (V notch). | ||||||||||
c | Mn | p | s | Si | Mid kale | Xoogga Wax-soosaarka (Mpa) | Xooga Jilicsan (Mpa) | (L0=5.65 √ S0) Daqadda fiditaanka (%) | ||||||
max | max | max | max | max | min | max | min | max | D ≤ 168.33mm | D > 168.3mm | ||||
GB/T3091 -2008 | Q215A | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25 | 1.20 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.35 | Ku darida NbVTi si waafaqsan GB/T1591-94 | 215 |
| 335 |
| 15 | > 31 |
|
Q215B | ≤ 0.15 | 0.25-0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 215 | 335 | 15 | > 31 | |||||
Q235A | ≤ 0.22 | 0.30 0.65 | 0.045 | 0.050 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
Q235B | ≤ 0.20 | 0.30 ≤ 1.80 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 235 | 375 | 15 | >26 | |||||
Q295A | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
Q295B | 0.16 | 0.80-1.50 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 295 | 390 | 13 | >23 | |||||
Q345A | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
Q345B | 0.20 | 1.00-1.60 | 0.045 | 0.040 | 0.55 | 345 | 510 | 13 | >21 | |||||
GB/T9711-2011 (PSL1) | L175 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| Ikhtiyaar ku dara mid ka mid ah walxaha NbVTi ama isku darka kasta oo iyaga ka mid ah | 175 |
| 310 |
| 27 | Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adkaanta ee saamaynta tamarta iyo aagga dhogorta ayaa la dooran karaa. Wixii L555, eeg heerka. | |
L210 | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 210 | 335 | 25 | |||||||
L245 | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 245 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L290 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 290 | 415 | 21 | |||||||
L320 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 320 | 435 | 20 | |||||||
L360 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 360 | 460 | 19 | |||||||
L390 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 390 | 390 | 18 | |||||||
L415 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 415 | 520 | 17 | |||||||
L450 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 450 | 535 | 17 | |||||||
L485 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 485 | 570 | 16 | |||||||
API 5L (PSL 1) | A25 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| Heerka B birta, Nb+V ≤ 0.03%; birta ≥ darajada B, ku darida Nb ama V ama isku darka, iyo Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15% | 172 |
| 310 |
| (L0=50.8mm) in lagu xisaabiyo si waafaqsan qaacidada soo socota:e=1944·A0 .2/U0 | Midna ama mid ama labadaba tamarta saameynta iyo aagga xiirashada ayaa looga baahan yahay cabbir adag ahaan. | |
A | 0.22 | 0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 207 | 331 | |||||||
B | 0.26 | 1.20 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 241 | 414 | |||||||
X42 | 0.26 | 1.30 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 290 | 414 | |||||||
X46 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 317 | 434 | |||||||
X52 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 359 | 455 | |||||||
X56 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 386 | 490 | |||||||
X60 | 0.26 | 1.40 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 414 | 517 | |||||||
X65 | 0.26 | 1.45 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 448 | 531 | |||||||
X70 | 0.26 | 1.65 | 0.030 | 0.030 |
| 483 | 565 |
Marka lagu daro xooggeeda, tuubooyinka labalaaban ee welded ayaa sidoo kale awood u leh inay u adkeystaan heerkulka xad-dhaafka ah, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon hababka kala duwan ee warshadaha. Haddii la qaadayo dareeraha kulul ama gaaska, ama ka shaqaynta deegaanka leh heerkulku isbedbeddelayo, tuubada laba alxanka leh waxay ilaalisaa daacadnimadeeda iyo waxqabadkeeda, iyada oo hubinaysa hawlgal la isku halayn karo oo ku jira xitaa xaaladaha ugu adag.
Intaa waxaa dheer, adkeysiga tuubooyinka labalaaban ee alxanka ah ayaa ka dhigaya doorasho kharash-ool ah codsiyada warshadaha. Awooddooda u adkeysiga xirashada, daxalka iyo noocyada kale ee hoos u dhaca macnaheedu waa inay u baahan yihiin dayactir yar iyo beddelaad, yaraynta guud ahaan kharashyada hawlgalka iyo wakhtiga dhimista.
Guud ahaan, isticmaalka dhuunta labalaaban ee alxanka leh waxay bixisaa faa'iidooyin kala duwan oo loogu talagalay codsiyada warshadaha, oo ay ku jiraan xoogga, adkeysiga iyo kalsoonida. Awoodda ay u leeyihiin in ay wax ka qabtaan cadaadiska sare, heerkulka xad dhaafka ah iyo xaaladaha adag ee deegaanka ayaa ka dhigaya kuwo ku habboon warshado badan oo kala duwan laga bilaabo saliidda iyo gaasta ilaa habka kiimikada. Iyada oo la xaqiijiyay waxqabadkeeda iyo rikoorka nolosha adeegga, tuubooyinka labalaaban ee alxanka ah ayaa hanti qiimo leh u ah nidaamka tuubooyinka warshadaha.