Awoodda labalaab oo labalaab ah oo ku yaal barnaamijyada warshadaha

Awoodda labalaab oo labalaab ah oo ah aruufyada warshadaha ee muuqaalka muuqaalka

Sharraxaadda Gaaban:

Adduunyada tuubada warshadaha, aaladda xulashada iyo hababka dhismaha ayaa saameyn weyn ku yeelan kara waxqabadka guud iyo cimri dheeraynta nidaamka. Hal hab oo caan ku ah xooggiisa iyo cimrigiisa ayaa ah in la isticmaalo laba-tuubbada gogoldhaafka ah. Tuubooyinkaani waxaa loogu talagalay in ay u adkeystaan cadaadisyada sareeya, heerkulka daran iyo xaaladaha daran ee deegaanka, iyaga oo ka dhigaya inay ku habboon yihiin dalabyo warshadeed oo kala duwan.

U dir emaylka

Si faahfaafo

Calaamadaha wax soo saarka

Duwid labalaab ah oo labanlaab ahWaxaa lagu dhisay laba qaybood oo madax-bannaan si loo sameeyo xiriir adag oo lagu kalsoonaan karo oo ka dhexeeya qaybaha tuubbada. Hawshan alxanka ah waxay xaqiijineysaa in tuubbadu ay u adkeysan karto walaaca iyo muruqa ee laga heli karo inta lagu gudajiro qalliinka, taasoo ka dhigeysa doorashada la isku halleyn karo ee codsiyada muhiimka ah halka ay ku guuldareystaan inaysan ahayn ikhtiyaar.

Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu weyn ee tuubooyinka laba-geesoodka ah waa awood ay ku qabaan jawiga cadaadiska culus. Geedi socodka alxanka ayaa abuuraya xiriir aan kala go 'lahayn oo xoog badan oo ka dhexeeya qaybaha tuubbada, hubinta inay u adkeysan karaan cadaadiska gudaha iyadoon laga helin halista daadadku ama guuldarro. Tani waxay ka dhigeysaa inay ku habboon yihiin codsiyada sida dhuumaha saliida iyo gaaska, halkaasoo ah daacadnimada nidaamka dhuumaha uu muhiim u yahay badbaadada iyo hufnaanta hawlgalka.

Jadwalka 2 Hannaanka jirka iyo kiimikada ee tuubooyinka birta (GB / T3091-2008, GB / T9711-2011 iyo API-da APIS 5L)
Caadi ah	Fasalka birta	Kuwa kiimikada (%)						Hantida Tsile						Therpy (v notch) tijaabada saameynta saameynta
		c	Mn	p	s	Si	Kale	Xoog soo saar (MPA)		Xoog TSensile (MPA)		(L0 = 5.65 √ S-10) Ming fiditaan (%)
		dixiri	dixiri	dixiri	dixiri	dixiri	Kale	min	dixiri	min	dixiri	D ≤ 168.33mm	D> 168.3mm
GB / T3091 -2008	Q215A	≤ 0.15	0.25 <1.20	0.045	0.050	0.35	Ku darista NBVTI si waafaqsan GB / T1591-94	215		335		15	> 31
	Q215b	≤ 0.15	0.25-0.55	0.045	0.045	0.035		215		335		15	> 31
	Q235A	≤ 0.22	0.30 <0.65	0.045	0.050	0.035		235		375		15	> 26
	Q235b	≤ 0.20	0.30 ≤ 1.80	0.045	0.045	0.035		235		375		15	> 26
	Q295A	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.045	0.55		295		390		13	> 23
	Q295b	0.16	0.80-1.50	0.045	0.040	0.55		295		390		13	> 23
	Q345A	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.045	0.55		345		510		13	> 21
	Q345b	0.20	1.00-1.60	0.045	0.040	0.55		345		510		13	> 21
GB / T9711-2011 (PSL1)	L175	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		Ikhtiyaar ku dar mid ka mid ah walxaha NBVTI ama wax kasta oo ka mid ah	175		310		27		Hal ama laba ka mid ah tusmada adag ee saameynta saameynta tamarta iyo aagga ijaarka ayaa la dooran karaa. L555, arag heerka caadiga ah.
	L210	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			210		335		25
	L245	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			245		415		21
	L290	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		415		21
	L320	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			320		435		20
	L360	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			360		460		19
	L390	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			390		390		18
	L415	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			415		520		17
	L450	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			450		535		17
	L485	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			485		570		16
Api 5l (psl 1)	A25	0.21	0.60	0.030	0.030		For grade B steel,Nb+V ≤ 0.03%;for steel ≥ grade B,optional adding Nb or V or their combination, and Nb+V+Ti ≤ 0.15%	172		310		(L0 = 50.8mm) in loo xisaabiyo qaaciddada soo socota: e = 1944 · A.2 / U0		Midkoodna ama labada ama labadaba ee saameynta saameynta iyo aagga xiirashada ayaa loo baahan yahay side adag.
	A	0.22	0.90	0.030	0.030			207		331
	B	0.26	1.20	0.030	0.030			241		414
	X42	0.26	1.30	0.030	0.030			290		414
	X46	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			317		434
	X52	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			359		455
	X56	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			386		490
	X60	0.26	1.40	0.030	0.030			414		517
	X65	0.26	1.45	0.030	0.030			448		531
	X70	0.26	1.65	0.030	0.030			483		565

Marka laga soo tago xooggiisa, biibiile labalaab ah ayaa sidoo kale lagu adkaysan karaa heerkul aad u daran, taasoo ka dhigeysa mid ku habboon habraacyo warshadeed oo kala duwan. Haddii aad qaadatid dareeraha kulul ama gaasaska, ama ka shaqeynta jawiga leh heerkulka heerkulka, tilmaanta dharka labanlaab ah ayaa haya

Intaa waxaa sii dheer, waafajinta ee labajibbaarane ah oo labanlaab ah ayaa ka dhigaya xulasho wax-ku-ool ah oo loogu talagalay codsiyada warshadaha. Awooda ay u leeyihiin inay iska caabiyaan xijaabka, soo-jeedinta iyo qaababka kale ee xaalnimada micnaheedu waa inay u baahan yihiin dayactir yar iyo beddelaad, yareynta kharashaadka guud ee hawlgalka iyo xilliga firaaqada.

Isku soo wada duuboo, isticmaalka timaha dharka labanlaab ah ayaa bixiya faa'iidooyin badan oo ku saabsan codsiyada warshadaha, oo ay ku jiraan xoog, cimri dherer iyo isku hallayn. Awooda ay u leeyihiin inay wax ka qabato cadaadiska sareeya, heerkulka aadka u daran iyo xaaladaha cimilada ee adag ayaa ka dhiga mid ku habboon warshado fara badan oo ka mid ah saliida iyo gaaska si loo isticmaalo kiimikada. Iyada oo ay la socoto waxqabadka la xaqiijiyay iyo diiwaangelinta nolosha adeegga, biibiile labajibbaarane ah waa hanti qiimo leh oo ah nidaam kasta oo warshado ah oo warshadeed ah.