Tuubboodka qashin-qubka
Tuubbooyinka qaylada weelka ah ayaa si isdaba joog ah loo soo saaraa oo si joogto ah ayaa loo soo saari karaa tuubooyin bir ah oo aad u dheer. Habka wax soo saarka ayaa yareynaya khasaaraha madaxa iyo dabada goynta iyadoo la kordhinayo adeegsiga birta illaa 6% ilaa 8%. Tani waxay ka dhalan doontaa kharashyada iyo waxtarka kharashaadka ee macaamiisheenna.
-Eenatuubooyinka gogol-dhaaf ahSii dabacsanaan heer sare ah oo ka sarreeya marka loo eego tuubooyinka caadiga ah ee Tooska ah ee Tooska ah. Way fududahay in la beddelo oo la qabsado noocyo, iyaga oo ka dhigaya inay ku habboon yihiin mashaariicda u baahan la -faqashada iyo habeynta. Intaa waxaa sii dheer, farsamaynta iyo awoodaha otomatiga ee tuubooyinka aan qunyar-abaabulka ee wareega ah ayaa u oggolaanaya in si fudud looga hirgaliyo jawiga warshadaha kala duwan.
Caadi ah | Fasalka birta | Ka kooban kiimikada | Guryaha TSensile | Tijaabada wadnaha ee tijaabada ah oo tijaabada miisaanka ee miisaanka | |||||||||||
C | Mn | P | S | Ti | Kale | Cev4) (%) | Rt0.5 MPA | Rm mpa spa tensile xoog | A% l0 = 5.65 √ s0 codadka | ||||||
dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | dixiri | min | dixiri | min | dixiri | |||||
Api spral 5l (psl2) | B | 0.22 | 1.20 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.04 | Dhammaan fasalada birta: Ikhtiyaariga ah ee ku darista NB ama v ama isku darka iyaga ka mid ah, laakiin Nb + v + ti ≤ 0 0.15%, iyo nb + v ≤ 0.06% ee fasalka b | 0.25 | 0.43 | 241 | 448 | 414 | 758 | In la xisaabiyo Sida laga soo xigtay Qaaciddada soo socota: e = 1944 · A0.2 / U0.9 A: Qaybta isku-dhafka ah Aagga muunad ah ee mm2 u: xoog yar oo aan caadi ahayn Markhaati | Waxaa jira tijaabooyin loo baahan yahay iyo imtixaanno ikhtiyaari ah. Faahfaahinta, ka eeg heerka asalka ah. |
X42 | 0.22 | 1.30 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.04 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 290 | 496 | 414 | 758 | ||||
X46 | 0.22 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.04 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 317 | 524 | 434 | 758 | ||||
X52 | 0.22 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.04 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 359 | 531 | 455 | 758 | ||||
X56 | 0.22 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.04 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 386 | 544 | 490 | 758 | ||||
X60 | 0.22 | 1.40 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.04 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 414 | 565 | 517 | 758 | ||||
X65 | 0.22 | 1.45 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 448 | 600 | 531 | 758 | ||||
X70 | 0.22 | 1.65 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 483 | 621 | 565 | 758 | ||||
X80 | 0.22 | 1.65 | 0.025 | 0.015 | 0.06 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 552 | 690 | 621 | 827 | ||||
1) CE (PCM) = c + SI / 30 + (MN + Cu + CR) / 20 + NI / 60 + Maya / 10 + 58 + 58 | |||||||||||||||
2) CE (LLW) = C + MN / 6 + (CR + MO + V) v) v) v) / 5 + (ni + cu) / 15 |
Loogu tala-galayKhadadka gaaska, Tuubbada qaylada wareega ayaa bixisa xalka waara oo lagu kalsoonaan karo. Nidaamkeeda wax soo saar ee isdaba-joogga ah waxay xaqiijineysaa tayo joogto ah iyo xoog, kaasoo muhiim u ah gaadiidka gaaska dabiiciga ah. Dabacsanaanta iyo laqabsashada tuubada tuubbada is-hoosaysiiya ayaa sidoo kale ku habboonArc alxanka alxankacodsiyada. Haddii ay tahay mashruuc warshadeed, ganacsi ama mashruuc la deggan yahay, alaabooyinkayagu waxay bixiyaan waxqabadka iyo isku halaynta aad u baahan tahay.


Tuubbooyinkayaga oo qunyar-beel ah ayaa loo soo saaray heerarka ugu sareeya ee ugu sareeya si ay u buuxiyaan shuruudaha warshadaha. Waxaan u adeegsanaa tikniyoolajiyadda farshaxanka casriga ah iyo injineeriyada saxda ah si loo soo saaro badeecado ka badan waxyaabaha laga filayo. Tuun kasta si adag ayaa loo tijaabiyaa oo la baaro si loo hubiyo inay la kulantay faahfaahinta lagama maarmaanka u ah arjiyada dhuumaha gaaska.
Faa'iidooyinka Farsamada ah ka sokow, tuubooyinkayaga oo qunyar-socod ah ayaa maskaxda lagu hayaa baahiyaha macaamiisha. Laga soo bilaabo rakibida dayactirka, tuubooyinkayaga qunyar-socodka ah ee is-wareejinta waxaa loogu talagalay si loogu saleeyo ugu sareeya.
Waxaa naga go'an inaan siinno macaamiisheena alaabada ugu wanaagsan iyo xalka si loo haqabtiro baahiyahooda. Soo bandhigista tuubbadayada dharka lagu qurxiyo ayaa ka tarjumaya dadaalkeenna u hubinta hal-abuurka iyo heer sare ee warshadaha. Waxaan aaminsanahay in badeecadeena ay la kulmi doonaan oo dhaafi doonaan baahiyaha codsiyada gaaska, waxaanan sugeynaa inaan la kulanno baahiyaha macaamiisha ee leh badeecadaha iyo taageerada ugu tayada leh.