Fahmidda Muhiimadda Hababka alxanka Tuubbada Haboon ee Tuubbada Birta Dabiiciga ah ee Loo Isticmaalo Khadadka Biyaha Dhulka Hoostiisa

Fahamka Muhiimadda Hababka alxanka Tuubbada saxda ah ee Tuubbada Birta Caadiga ah ee Loo Isticmaalo Khadadka Biyaha Dhulka Hoostiisa Sawirka

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Marka la rakibo khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa, isticmaalka tuubooyinka tayada sare leh ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta cimri dhererka iyo iska caabinta arrimaha deegaanka.Mid ka mid ah tuubooyinka sida caadiga ah loo isticmaalo khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa waa tuubooyinka birta ah ee wareega.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, si fudud isticmaalka tuubooyinka tayada sare leh kuma filna si loo hubiyo cimri dhererka tuubooyinka biyahaaga.Nidaamyada alxanka ee saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta in tuubooyinka birta ee wareega ay u adkeysan karaan xaaladaha adag ee dhulka hoostiisa oo ay bixiyaan biyo la isku halayn karo.

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Tuubooyinka birta ah ee Spiralwaxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dhuumaha biyaha dhulka hoostiisa sababtoo ah xooggooda sare iyo awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay u adkeystaan cadaadiska dibadda.Tuubooyinka waxaa laga soo saaraa xariijimaha gariiradda birta ah ee kulul ee sameysa qaab wareeg ah.Habka alxanka wareega ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista tuubooyinkan ayaa bixiya qaabdhismeed aad u wanaagsan, taas oo ka dhigaysa mid ku habboon codsiyada dhulka hoostiisa.

Dhexroorka Magaca ah		Dhumucda gidaarka magaca ah (mm)
mm gudaha		6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm gudaha		Miisaanka Dhererka Halkiiba (kg/m)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Fiiro gaar ah:

1.Sidoo kale waxaa la heli karaa tuubooyinka birta ee dhexroorka sare ee magaca iyo dhumucda derbiga magacaaban inta u dhaxaysa cabbirkooda ku xiga ee shaxda ku qoran, laakiin qandaraas waa la saxeexayaa.

2. Dhexroorka sare ee magac-u-yaalka ah ee ku jira gunta miiska ku yaal ayaa ah dhexroor la sii hayo.

Mid ka mid ah qaybaha ugu muhiimsan ee isticmaalka birta spiralDhuumaha biyaha dhulka hoostiisawaa hababka alxanka habboon.Alxanka waa habka isku xidhka laba qaybood oo bir ah iyadoo la isticmaalayo kulayl iyo cadaadis.Tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa mara, tayada alxanka waxay si toos ah u saamaysaa guud ahaan daacadnimada iyo isku halaynta dhuumaha.

Haboonhababka alxanka tuubooyinkaDhuumaha birta wareega ah waxay ku lug leeyihiin dhowr tillaabo oo muhiim ah.Marka hore, dusha tuubada la alxanayaa waa inay nadiif ahaadaan oo aanay wax wasakh ah lahayn sida wasakh, saliid, iyo rinji.Tani waxay xaqiijinaysaa in alxanka uu yahay mid adag oo ka madax banaan wasakh wax u dhimi kara xooggiisa.

Marka xigta, cabbirrada alxanka sida gelitaanka kulaylka, xawaaraha alxanka, iyo farsamada waa in si taxadar leh loo xakameeyaa si loo gaaro alxanka tayada sare leh.Isticmaalka qalabka alxanka saxda ah iyo farsamooyinka ayaa muhiim u ah ka hortagga cilladaha sida porosity, dildilaaca, ama fiyuuska la'aanta, taas oo wax u dhimi karta daacadnimada alxanka.

Intaa waxaa dheer, hababka kuleyliyaha saxda ah iyo ka dib alxanka daawaynta kuleylku waxay muhiim u yihiin tuubooyinka birta ah ee wareega ee loo isticmaalo xadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa.Kululaynta ka hor waxay kaa caawinaysaa yaraynta khatarta dildilaaca waxayna wanaajisaa tayada alxanka guud, halka daawaynta kulaylka ka dib ay yaraynaysaa culayska haraaga ah oo ay hubiso qaab-dhismeed isku mid ah oo ku yaal dhammaan aagga alxanka.

Intaa waxaa dheer, isticmaalka tignoolajiyada alxanka ee horumarsan sida hababka alxanka tooska ah iyo tijaabinta aan burburin waxay sii wanaajin kartaa tayada iyo isku halaynta alxanka.Farsamooyinkani waxay caawiyaan hubinta in kala-goysyada alxanka ah ay la kulmaan xoogga lagama maarmaanka ah iyo heerarka tayada si loo bixiyo nabadda maskaxda ee ku saabsan waxqabadka muddada-dheer ee khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa.

Marka la soo koobo, hababka alxanka ee saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta daacadnimada iyo cimriga dheer ee tuubada birta ah ee wareega ee loo isticmaalo khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa.Iyadoo la raacayo cabbirrada alxanka ee lagama maarmaanka ah, farsamooyinka iyo cabbiraadaha xakamaynta tayada, khatarta alxanka iyo guuldarrooyinka ayaa si weyn hoos loogu dhigi karaa.Natiijadu waa khad la isku halayn karo oo waara oo biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ah u adkeysan kara tijaabada waqtiga oo bixisa adeegyo biyo-bixineed oo ammaan ah oo hufan.Khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa, maalgelinta barnaamijka alxanka habboon waa tallaabo muhiim ah oo lagu hubinayo isku halaynta guud iyo cimri dhererka dhuumaha.

Hore: Faa'iidooyinka Isticmaalka Tuubbooyinka Birta Laxadhka leh ee Arc-Arc ee Hoos-u-Dhiraya ee Dhuumaha Biyaha Dhulka Hoostiisa

Xiga: Ahmiyada Sida Saxda Ah Loo Rakibayo Dhuumaha Gaaska Tubabka Ee Alxanka Leh

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