Fahmidda Muhiimadda Habraacyada Alxanka Tuubooyinka ee Habboon ee Tuubooyinka Birta ee loo Isticmaalo Khadadka Biyaha Dhulka

Sharaxaad Gaaban:

Marka la rakibayo tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa mara, isticmaalka tuubooyin tayo sare leh ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta cimriga dheer iyo iska caabbinta arrimaha deegaanka. Nooc ka mid ah tuubooyinka sida caadiga ah loogu isticmaalo tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa mara waa tuubo bir ah oo wareegsan. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, isticmaalka tuubooyin tayo sare leh kuma filna in la hubiyo cimriga dheer ee tuubooyinka biyahaaga. Nidaamyada alxanka tuubooyinka ee saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta in tuubooyinka birta wareegsan ay u adkeysan karaan xaaladaha dhulka hoostiisa mara ee adag iyo bixinta keenista biyaha oo la isku halleyn karo.

Noo soo dir emayl

Faahfaahinta Badeecada

Calaamadaha Alaabta

Tuubooyinka birta ah ee wareegsanWaxaa si weyn loogu isticmaalaa dhuumaha biyaha dhulka hoostiisa ku jira sababtoo ah xooggooda sare iyo awoodda ay u leeyihiin inay u adkaystaan cadaadiska dibadda. Tuubooyinka waxaa laga sameeyay xargo bir ah oo kulul oo duuban oo sameeya qaab wareegsan. Habka alxanka wareegsan ee loo isticmaalo soo saarista tuubooyinkan wuxuu bixiyaa hufnaan qaab dhismeed oo heer sare ah, taasoo ka dhigaysa kuwo ku habboon isticmaalka dhulka hoostiisa.

Dhexroorka Dibadda ee Magacaaban		Dhumucda Darbiga Magacaaban (mm)
mm Gudaha		6.0	7.0	8.0	9.0	10.0	11.0	12.0	13.0	14.0	15.0	16.0	18.0	20.0	22.0
mm Gudaha		Miisaanka Halkii Halbeeg Dhererka (kg/m)
219.1	8-5/8	31.53	36.61	41.65
273.1	10-3/4	39.52	45.94	52.30
323.9	12-3/4	47.04	54.71	62.32	69.89	77.41
(325)		47.20	54.90	62.54	70.14	77.68
355.6	14	51.73	60.18	68.58	76.93	85.23
(377.0)		54.89	63.87	72.80	81.67	90.50
406.4	16	59.25	68.95	78.60	88.20	97.76	107.26	116.72
(426.0)		62.14	72.33	82.46	92.55	102.59	112.58	122.51
457	18	66.73	77.68	88.58	99.44	110.24	120.99	131.69
(478.0)		69.84	81.30	92.72	104.09	115.41	126.69	137.90
508.0	20	74.28	86.49	98.65	110.75	122.81	134.82	146.79	158.69	170.56
(529.0)		77.38	90.11	102.78	115.40	127.99	140.52	152.99	165.43	177.80
559.0	22	81.82	95.29	108.70	122.07	135.38	148.65	161.88	175.04	188.17
610.0	24	89.37	104.10	118.77	133.39	147.97	162.48	176.97	191.40	205.78
(630.0)		92.33	107.54	122.71	137.83	152.90	167.92	182.89	197.81	212.68
660.0	26	96.77	112.73	128.63	144.48	160.30	176.05	191.77	207.43	223.04
711.0	28	104.32	121.53	138.70	155.81	172.88	189.89	206.86	223.78	240.65	257.47	274.24
(720.0)		105.65	123.09	140.47	157.81	175.10	192.34	209.52	226.66	243.75	260.80	277.79
762.0	30	111.86	130.34	148.76	167.13	185.45	203.73	211.95	240.13	258.26	276.33	294.36
813.0	32	119.41	139.14	158.82	178.45	198.03	217.56	237.05	256.48	275.86	295.20	314.48
(820.0)		120.45	140.35	160.20	180.00	199.76	219.46	239.12	258.72	278.28	297.79	317.25
864.0	34		147.94	168.88	189.77	210.61	231.40	252.14	272.83	293.47	314.06	334.61
914.0	36			178.75	200.87	222.94	244.96	266.94	288.86	310.73	332.56	354.34
(920.0)				179.93	202.20	224.42	246.59	286.70	290.78	312.79	334.78	356.68
965.0	38			188.81	212.19	235.52	258.80	282.03	305.21	328.34	351.43	374.46
1016.0	40			198.87	223.51	248.09	272.63	297.12	321.56	345.95	370.29	394.58	443.02
(1020.0)				199.66	224.39	249.08	273.72	298.31	322.84	347.33	371.77	396.16	444.77
1067.0	42			208.93	234.83	260.67	286.47	312.21	337.91	363.56	389.16	414.71	465.66
118.0	44			218.99	246.15	273.25	300.30	327.31	354.26	381.17	408.02	343.83	488.30
1168.0	46			228.86	257.24	285.58	313.87	342.10	370.29	398.43	426.52	454.56	510.49
1219.0	48			238.92	268.56	298.16	327.70	357.20	386.64	416.04	445.39	474.68	553.13
(1220.0)				239.12	268.78	198.40	327.97	357.49	386.96	146.38	445.76	475.08	533.58
1321.0	52				291.20	323.31	327.97	387.38	449.34	451.26	483.12	514.93	578.41
(1420.0)						347.72	355.37	416.66	451.08	485.41	519.74	553.96	622.32	690.52
1422.0	56					348.22	382.23	417.27	451.72	486.13	520.48	554.97	623.25	691.51	759.58
1524.0	60					373.38	410.44	447.46	484.43	521.34	558.21	595.03	688.52	741.82	814.91
(1620.0)						397.03	436.48	457.84	515.20	554.46	593.73	623.87	711.11	789.12	867.00
1626.0	64					398.53	438.11	477.64	517.13	556.56	595.95	635.28	713.80	792.13	870.26
1727.0	68					423.44	465.51	507.53	549.51	591.43	633.31	675.13	758.64	841.94	925.05
(1820.0)						446.37	492.74	535.06	579.32	623.50	667.71	711.79	799.92	887.81	975.51
1829.0	72						493.18			626.65	671.04	714.20	803.92	890.77	980.39
1930.0	76									661.52	708.40	755.23	848.75	942.07	1035.19
(2020.0)										692.60	741.69	790.75	888.70	986.41	1084.02
2032.0	80									696.74	746.13	795.48	894.03	992.38	1090.53
(2220.0)										761.65	815.68	869.66	977.50	1085.80	1192.53
(2420.0)												948.58	1066.26	1183.75	1301.04
(2540.0)	100											995.93	1119.53	1242.94	1366.15
(2845.0)	112											1116.28	1254.93	1393.37	1531.63

Fiiro gaar ah:

1. Sidoo kale waxaa laga heli karaa tuubooyin bir ah oo dhexroorkoodu yahay mid magac leh iyo dhumucdiisuna tahay darbiga magaca leh oo u dhexeeya cabbirradooda ku xiga ee ku qoran jadwalka, laakiin qandaraas ayaa la saxiixi doonaa.

2. Dhexroorka dibadda ee magacaaban ee ku jira qafisyada shaxda ku jira waa dhexroor la keydiyay.

Mid ka mid ah faa'iidooyinka ugu muhiimsan ee isticmaalka birta birta ahtuubo loogu talagalay khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa marawaa habraacyo alxan oo habboon. Alxanku waa habka lagu xidho laba qaybood oo bir ah iyadoo la adeegsanayo kulayl iyo cadaadis. Tuubooyinka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa mara, tayada alxanku waxay si toos ah u saamaysaa hufnaanta guud iyo isku halaynta dhuumaha.

Sax ahhababka alxanka tuubooyinkawaayo, tuubooyinka birta ah ee wareegsan waxay ku lug leeyihiin dhowr tallaabo oo muhiim ah. Marka hore, dusha sare ee tuubada la alxamaynayo waa inay nadiif ahaataa oo ka xorowdaa wax wasakh ah sida wasakhda, saliidda, ama rinjiga. Tani waxay hubinaysaa in alxanku uu xooggan yahay oo ka xor yahay wasakhda wax u dhimi karta xooggeeda.

Marka xigta, xuduudaha alxanka sida gelinta kulaylka, xawaaraha alxanka, iyo farsamada waa in si taxaddar leh loo xakameeyaa si loo gaaro alxan tayo sare leh. Isticmaalka agabka iyo farsamooyinka alxanka ee saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah ka hortagga cilladaha sida daloolada, dildilaaca, ama la'aanta isku-dhafka, kuwaas oo wax u dhimi kara hufnaanta alxanka.

Intaa waxaa dheer, hababka daaweynta kulaylka kahor-kulaylinta saxda ah iyo ka dib-u-warshadaynta kulaylka ayaa muhiim u ah tuubooyinka birta ah ee wareegsan ee loo isticmaalo khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa. Kulaylka kahor-kulaylinta waxay ka caawisaa yaraynta khatarta dildilaaca waxayna hagaajisaa tayada guud ee alxanka, halka daaweynta kulaylka kadib-alxanka ay yareyso walbahaarka haray waxayna hubisaa qaab-dhismeed isku mid ah oo ku baahsan dhammaan aagga alxanka.

Intaa waxaa dheer, isticmaalka teknoolojiyada alxanka ee horumarsan sida hababka alxanka otomaatiga ah iyo tijaabinta aan burburin waxay sii wanaajin kartaa tayada iyo kalsoonida alxanka. Tiknoolajiyadani waxay gacan ka geystaan hubinta in kala-goysyada alxanka ay buuxiyaan heerarka xoogga iyo tayada lagama maarmaanka ah si ay u bixiyaan xasillooni maskaxeed oo ku saabsan waxqabadka muddada dheer ee khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa.

Marka la soo koobo, hababka alxanka tuubooyinka ee saxda ah ayaa muhiim u ah hubinta hufnaanta iyo cimriga dheer ee tuubooyinka birta ah ee wareegsan ee loo isticmaalo khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa. Iyadoo la raacayo xuduudaha alxanka ee lagama maarmaanka ah, farsamooyinka iyo cabbiraadaha xakamaynta tayada, khatarta cilladaha alxanka iyo cilladaha ayaa si weyn loo dhimi karaa. Natiijadu waa khad biyood oo la isku halleyn karo oo waara oo u adkeysan kara tijaabada waqtiga oo bixin kara adeegyo biyo-geyn oo ammaan ah oo hufan. Khadadka biyaha dhulka hoostiisa, maalgelinta barnaamijka alxanka saxda ah waa tallaabo muhiim ah oo lagu hubinayo isku halaynta guud iyo cimriga dheer ee dhuumaha.

Kii hore: Faa'iidooyinka Isticmaalka Tuubooyinka Birta ah ee lagu xidho dhulka hoostiisa ee wareegsan ee loogu talagalay Tuubooyinka Biyaha ee dhulka hoostiisa mara

Xiga: Muhiimadda Si Sax Ah Loo Rakibo Dhuumaha Gaaska ee Tuubooyinka La Wareegay ee Wareegsan

Halkan ku qor fariintaada oo noo soo dir